Acrylic acid isopropyl ester

The Diels-Alder condensation of p-benzoquinone with vinylacrylic acid gives a cis decalin adduct (XXXIV), which is a prerequisite for the desired DE ring junction of the reserpine molecule. This cis configuration is preserved by proper choice of reagents, and in only one single instance has a transformation into a trans decalin been reported (186). In his modified route, Woodward has used methyl acrylate instead of the free acid, and others have used the corresponding ethyl or isopropyl esters (187, 186). 

In addition to the depolymerization reaction discussed earlier, other reactions may be favoured. These are elimination from a side chain and cyclization. For example, propylene is eliminated from the side chain of poly (isopropyl acrylate) as shown in Scheme 1.51(a), leaving poly(acrylic acid). This occurs in all polymers having ester side groups with P-hydrogens available to form a six-membered transition state, as shown. Thus both acrylate and methacrylate polymers will undergo this reaction and, since depolymerization is the dominant thermal-degradation reaction in methacrylates, elimination of alkenes is more important in the poly(acrylates). 

Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl cinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 1-methylethyl ester. See Isopropyl cinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester. See Cinnamyl cinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 3-phenylpropyl ester. See 3-Phenyl propyl cinnamate Propenoic acid polymer. See Polyacrylic acid 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with ethene. See Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with ethene, calcium salt. See Ethylene/calcium acrylate copolymer 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with ethene and ethenyl acetate. See Ethylene/acrylic acid/vinyl acetate copolymer 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with ethene, magnesium salt. See Ethylene/magnesium acrylate copolymer... 

Acetyl tri butyl citrate Acetyl triethyl citrate Acetyl trimethyl citrate Cellulose acetate butyrate Cellulose acetate propionate Ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate Ethylene/acrylic acid/vinyl acetate copolymer PVM/MA copolymer, isopropyl ester Trihexyl citrate Trimethyl citrate film-former, colored cosmetics Diisostearoyl trimethylolpropane siloxy silicate film-former, conditioners Hydrolyzed wheat protein Polyquaternium-6 film-former, conditioning shampoo Polyquaternium-2 film-former, cosmetic emulsions Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer film-former, cosmetic topicals PEG-8/SMDI copolymer PPG-51/SMDI copolymer... 

Other processes include the alkylation of phenol using alkenes, and the manufacture of acrylate and methacrylate esters from alcohols and the corresponding acids. Olefin hydration reactions require more extreme conditions but Deutsche Texaco have developed a resin-catalysed propene hydration process to form isopropyl alcohol [125]. The reaction is run at 130 C near the upper limit for sulphonic acid resins, but a species with sufficient lifetime is available. There is even some evidence that butene hydration is now carried out similarly. Finally, B.P. Chemicals have recently disclosed [126] a new olefin isomerisation process yielding 2,3-dimethylbut-l-ene. Here the conditions required to favour the isomerisation versus rapid oligomerisation had to be identified to establish a viable process. 

To study the properties of isotactic poly(acrylic acid), it is necessary to prepare an isotactic poly(acrylate ester) first. The common practice is to polymerize isopropyl acrylate in the presence of /z-butyllithium or of phenylmagnesium bromide at -78 "C in toluene [19]. The polymer is then hydrolyzed as completely as possible so as not to disturb the regularity of the conformation, hinder the cryallization of the polymer (if it is capable of crystallizing), alter its solubility, or change the shape of the polymer chains in solution. 

The reaction of methyl propargylate (propiolate) with benzylimidazole and its 2-alkyl and aryl derivatives in acetonitrile leads to the formation of the methyl esters of 3-fran -(l-benzimidazolyl)acrylic acid 106a and 107a, b, whereas the reaction with benzimidazole in methanol leads exclusively to the corresponding cis isomer 106b in the absence of the solvent, the treatment of benzimidazole with methyl propiolate gives a mixture of compounds 106a, b, and pyrrolo[l,2-a]ben-zimidazole 108 (Fig. 3.5). At the same time, the 2-isopropyl, 2-phenyl, and 2-benzyl derivatives of benzimidazole in reaction with methyl propiolate without a solvent form the pyrrolo[l,2-a]quinoxalines 114 and 115 (Scheme 3.35) (Acheson and Verlander 1973). 

Although the potassium superoxide route can be universally applied to various alkyl methacrylates, it is experimentally more difficult than simple acid hydrolysis. In addition, limited yields do not permit well-defined hydrophobic-hydrophilic blocks. On the other hand, acid catalyzed hydrolysis is limited to only a few esters such as TBMA, but yields of carboxylate are quantitative. Hydrolysis attempts of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(isopropyl methacrylate) (PIPMA) do not yield an observable amount of conversion to the carboxylic acid under the established conditions for poly(t-butyl methacrylate) (PTBMA). This allows for selective hydrolysis of all-acrylic block copolymers. 

Isopropyl titanium triisostearate Methacrylic acid 2-Methylacrylic acid 2-(2-oxo-imidazolidin-1-yl) ethyl ester Methyltrimethoxysilane Oleic aminoethylimidazoline PEG-3 dimethacrylate PEG-6 trimethylolpropane Pentaerythrityl-tris-(B-(N-aziridinyl) propionate Polyethylenimine Propylene/MA copolymer PVPA/A copolymer Rosin, polymerized Styrene/allyl alcohol copolymer Styrene/MA copolymer Tallowaminopropylamine Tetraisopropyl di (dioctylphosphito) titanate Triallylcyanurate Tricaprylyl methyl ammonium chloride Trimethylolpropane tris-(B-(N-aziridinyl) propionate) Tris [1-(2-methyl-aziridinyl) phosphine oxide] adhesion promoter, acrylic resins... 

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