Acid Alizarin Violet

Other Names C.I. Mordant Violet 5 C.I. Mordant Violet 5, monosodium salt Eriochrome Violet B Acid Alizarin Violet N Acid Alizarine Violet Acid Alizarine Violet B Acid Chrome Violet K Acid Chrome Violet N Aizen Chrome Violet BH Alizarine Violet N Alphacroic Violet B Atlantichrome Violet B Brasilan Chrome Violet B C.I. 15670 Chromacid Violet R Chromaven Violet B Chrome Fast Violet B Chrome Violet B Chrome Violet K Chrome Violet R Cromal Violet B Diacromo Violet N Diamond Corinth N Durochrome Violet B Erio Chrome Violet BA Erio Chrome Violet BR Hispacrom Violet B Java Chrome Violet B Magracrom Violet N Mitsui Chrome Violet BC Monochrome Violet B Mordant Violet 5 Omega Chrome Dark Violet D Pontachrome Violet S W Solochrome Violet Solochrome Violet R Solochrome Violet RS Solo-crom Violet RS Sunchromine Violet B Superchrome Violet B Symulon Chrome Violet B Tertro-chrome Violet N Yodochrome Violet B 

CA Index Name Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-[(2-hydroxy-l-naphthalenyl)azo]-, monosodium salt 

CAS Registry Number 2092-55-9 Merck Index Number Not hsted Chemical Structure 

Chemical/Dye Class Azo Molecular Formula Ci HnNjOsSNa Molecular Weight 366.33 pH Range 6.5-9.0 

Major Applications inks, dye lasers, in manufacture of vinyl polymers, textiles determination of iron, calcium, aluminum, - tantalum, monitoring hardness in industrial water, measuring chlorine dioxide in drinking water, hypoglycemic agents, nuclear fluorochrome Safety/Toxicity Mutagenicity  

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Grosman, J. Vardaxis, N. J. Aluminum acid alizarin violet a general purpose nuclear fluorochrome. Biotechnic Histochem. 1997, 72, 299-303. 

Acid Alizarin Yellow R Alizarin Yellow GG Acid Alizarin Red B Methyl Red Acid Alizarin Violet N Sudan IV Xanthene dyes Hydrogen Peroxide... 

Hydroxy-3-[ 2-hydroxy-l-naphthalenyl)azd benzenesulfonic acid, 9CL Solochrome violet RS. C.L Mordant violet 5. Eriochrome violet B. Chrome fast violet B. Acid alizarin violet N. C.L 15670 [3219-56-5]... 

Acid chrome red, acid anthracene red, acid alizarine red, anthracene chrome red, acid alizarine garnet, azo alizarine Carmoisine, chrome fast Bordeaux, cbrome fast garnet, chromotropes, diamond red, eriochrome red, eriochrome Bor- deaux, omega chrome red, oxychrome garnet, palatine chrome red, eriochrome olive, palatine chrome violet, anthracene chrome violet, acid chrome blue, azi chrome blue, chrome fast blue, chromotrope blue, omega chrome blue. 

Four anthraquinonic dyes, Alizarin red S, Alizarin violet R, Acid green 25, and Acid blue 129 are presented. The simplest one, the Alizarin red S, is derived from alizarine by the introduction of a sulphonate group in the alizarine structure in position 3 (Fig. 7). 

Figure 11. UV-visible spectra of acid green 25 (left) and Alizarin violet R (right) dyes in acid and basic media (water, pathlength 2 mm for acid green 25, 10 mm for Alizarin violet R).

The typical double-headed peak of 1,4 disubstituted derivatives is present on acid blue 125 visible range of UV spectra (X = 588 nm and X = 628 nm). In strong acid medium (pH = 1.0), protonation can occur on the nitrogen atom it seems to be more easy with Acid blue 129 dye than with Acid green 25 and Alizarin violet R dyes, where the steric hindrance around nitrogen atoms is more important. 

Key CL, chemiluminescence UV, ultraviolet IDS, indigo-5,5 -disulfonate ITS, indigo-5,5, 7-trisulfonate ACVK, Acid Chrome Violet K (Alizarin Violet 3R) n.a., For batch methods, sampling time (s) is shown in parentheses. 

As in the case of indigosulfonates. Alizarin Violet 3R (Acid Chrome Violet K) loses its color on reaction with ozone and chlorine dioxide. Ozone can be determined from the decrease in absorbance at 548 nm after mixing with a sample solution. This method is less sensitive than the indigo methods. Chlorine, hypochlorite, chlorite, and chlorate do not interfere. While chlorate(in) can also be determined by this method, it does not coexist with ozone in treated waters. 

Fluorides can be detected with high sensitivity through their reaction with zirconium alizarinate . This test (page 221) is based on the facts that, in mineral acid solution, zirconium salts yield a red-violet color with alizarin and that this color changes to yellow (the color of acid alizarin solution) on the addition of excess fluoride because of the production of complex zirconium hexafluoride ions. The reactions can be represented by ... 

Procedure. Filter paper is impregnated with a saturated alcoholic solution of alizarin, or with a solution of quinalizarin in a mixture of pyridine and acetone. A drop of the test solution is placed on the dried paper. The test solution should be neutral or slightly acid with acetic acid. The moist fieck is held over ammonia and then immersed in a saturated aqueous solution of boric acid. The violet ammonium alizarinate or quinalizarinate decomposes, and the red or violet indium lake is easy to see against the yellow or red paper. 

Acid alizarin black SE, A-00050 Acid alizarin black SN, A-00051 Acid chrome violet BR Na salt, in A-00054... 

Acid chrome violet K Na salt, in A-00055 Alizarine green Na salt, in A-00078... 

Since the pH changes very rapidly at the equivalence point, from about pH = 10 to about pH = 4, most of the indicators in Figure 18-6 can be used. The main exceptions are alizarin yellow R, bromophenol blue, thymol blue (in its acid range), and methyl violet. 

Cognate preparation. Alizarin. Dissolve successively in 75 ml of water 6g (0.049 mol) of potassium chlorate, 20 g (0.065 mol) of sodium anthraquinone-2-sulphonate (Expt 6.39) and 75 g of sodium hydroxide. Transfer the mixture to a 500-ml autoclave (compare Section 2.17.2, p. 97) and heat for 20 hours at 170°C. After cooling, scrape out the violet-coloured mass and extract it three or four times with 100 ml portions of boiling water. Acidify the filtered extract with hydrochloric acid. When cold, filter the orange precipitate of alizarin at the pump, wash it thoroughly with cold water and dry at 100 °C. The yield of alizarin is 14 g (90%). It may be purified by recrystallisation... 

Prepare the zirconium-alizarin red S paper as follows. Soak dry filter paper in a 5 per cent solution of zirconium nitrate in 5 per cent hydrochloric acid and, after draining, place it in a 2 per cent aqueous solution of sodium alizarin sulphonate (BDH Alizarin Red S ). The paper is coloured red-violet by the zirconium lake. Wash the paper until the wash water is nearly colourless and then dry in the air. 

Soak some quantitative filter (or drop-reaction) paper in a saturated alcoholic solution of alizarin and dry it. Place a drop of the acid test solution on the paper and hold it over ammonia fumes until a violet colour (due to ammonium alizari-nate) appears. In the presence of large amounts of aluminium, the colour is visible almost immediately. It is best to dry the paper at 100°C when the violet colour due to ammonium alizarinate disappears owing to its conversion into ammonia and alizarin the red colour of the alizarin lake is then clearly visible. 

Zirconium-alizarin lake test Hydrochloric acid solutions of zirconium salts are coloured reddish-violet by alizarin-S or by alizarin (see under Aluminium, Section III.23, reactions 8 and 9 and under Zirconium, Section VII.18, reaction 8) upon adding a solution of a fluoride the colour of such solutions changes immediately to a pale yellow (that of the liberated alizarin sulphonic acid or alizarin) because of the formation of the colourless hexafluorozirconate(IV) ion... 

One of the oldest known methods of producing wash-fast colors involves the use of metallic hydroxides, which form a link, or mordant (L. mordere, to bite), between the fabric and the dye. Other substances, such as tannic acid, also function as mordants. The color of the final product depends on both the dye used and the mordant. For instance, the dye Turkey Red (alizarin) is red with an aluminum mordant, violet with an iron mordant, and brownish-red with a chromium mordant. Some important mordant dyes possess a structure based on triphenylmethane, as do Crystal Violet and Malachite Green. 

Pure -nitroabzarin forms orange-yellow needles, which melt at 244°, with partial decomposition [19]. It sublimes in yellow leaflets, undergoing partial decomposition. It dissolves in benzene and glacial acetic acid, and gives a purple-red solution with alkalies. The violet lime-lake is not decomposed by carbonic acid. (Distinction from alizarin.) It forms a diacetyl compound, M.P. 218° [19]. Nitroalizarin dyes orange shades on alumina mordants, and reddish-violet on iron mordants. 

It forms orange needles, which are soluble in alcohol but insoluble in benzene. Its M.P. is above 330° [25]. It yields no phthalic acid on oxidation, and therefore probably contains the third OH-group in the second benzene ring. Isopurpurin is the principal constituent of the commercial alizarin for red. It dyes a fine scarlet red on alumina its iron lake is greyish violet, and of little value. 

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