Acid Acetic Carminic

Acetic acid/orcein/carmine (Ashburner 1989, p. 332) or 4% Giemsa... 

Stain chromosomes in acetic acid/orcein/carmine or in Giemsa. 

C-Glycosyl compounds have a carbon atom ia place of the exocycHc oxygen atom of the acetal group and, therefore, are branched cycHc ethers. An example is the naturally occurring anthroquiaone dye, carminic acid [1260-17-9] (Cl Natural Red 4). 

Pontacyl Carmine 2G (Acid Red 1, Amido Naphthol Red G, Azophloxine, l-acetamido-8-hydroxy-7-phenylazonaphthalene-3,7-disulfonic acid di-Na salt) [3734-67-6] M 510.4, Cl 18050, X.max 532nm. Salted out three times with sodium acetate, then repeatedly extracted with EtOH. See Solochrome Violet R on p. 352 in Chapter 4. [McGrew and Schneider 7 Am Chem Soc 72 2547 1950.]... 

Kiss [8] examined various techniques for the efficient separation and preconcentration of boron from marine sediments. Alkaline fusion with potassium carbonate was used to render boron reactive, even in the most resistant silicate minerals. Fusion cakes were extracted with water and borate was isolated by Amberlite XE-243 boron-selective resin. Borate was determined spectrophotometrically, following elution with 2 mol L 1 hydrochloric acid. Either the carminic acid complex (620nm), formed in sulphuric acid (94%) or sulphuric acetic acid (1 4), or the azomethine hydrogen ion association complex (415nm) formed at pH5.2, were used for borate measurement. 

A simple spot test was used for the identification of procaine, and other drugs [30], The method uses one or more of the following reagents 0.4% Alizarin red S (C.I. Mordant Red 3) in 20% acetic acid, 0.3% indigo carmine (C.I. Acid Blue 74), 0.4% indigo carmine in 30% acetic acid,... 

Oxalato-tetrammino-cobaltic Chloride, [Co(NH3)4(C204)]C1, is prepared by dissolving chloro-aquo-tetrammino-eobaltic chloride in an aqueous solution of oxalic acid and heating the mixture for some time. The oxalato-compound gradually crystallises from the warm solution, and the crystals are collected and washed on the filter with alcohol until the filtrate is free from chlorine and from oxalic acid. It crystallises in carmine-red six-sided plates if dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid is added to the liquid, it is transformed into dichloro-tetrammino-cobaltic chloride. Sodium nitrite and acetic acid convert it into dinitro-tetrammino-cobaltic chloride.1... 

Eupatorium chineme L. var. simplicifolium (Malcino) Kitam. E. lindleyanum DC E. japonicum Thunb. Zi Lan (Thorowort) (whole plant) Cumarin, O-cumaric acid, lactones, rhymohydroquinone, volatile oil, euparin, bornyl acetate, dimethyl thymohydroquinone, linalool.48 Sedative in disturbances of pregnancy and puerperium. Carminative, diuretic, vermifuge. 

N 9.13% small, carmine red plates with a metallic luster mp 159° (decompn). Moderately sol in acet, ethanol and pyridine, si sol in chlf, eth and toluene insol in carbon tetrachloride and It petr. Prepn is by reacting an aq soln of Tl diethyl hydroxide with picramic acid, and then evapg the soln to dryness. The product is crystd from ethanol. The phenoxide explds violently when moistened with fuming nitric acid... 

If the sulfuric acid layer is stained orange to red, this could indicate the presence of carminic acid (XXVII) or laccaic acids (XXVIII -XXXII). If the sulfuric acid layer is colorless and the ethyl acetate layer is orange, the ethyl acetate layer is separated off in a small separating funnel and a specimen for the TLC is prepared as described above for madder dyeings (page 202). 

E120 Carmine 192 E260 Acetic Acid, Glacial 6... 

Carminic acid is prepared by precipitating an aqueous decoction of cochineal with lead acetate, and decomposing the lead lake with a quantity of sulphuric acid insufficient for the whole. The solution of carminic acid thus obtained is evaporated to dryness at a low temperature, and the residue crystallised from absolute alcohol. 

Carmine-red is prepared from the lake obtained by precipitating a cochineal decoction with lead acetate. This lead lake is dissolved in dilute sulphuric acid, freed from lead by sulphuretted hydrogen, and boiled with very dilute sulphuric acid for some hours. Barium carbonate is added till a violet coloration ensues, and then filtered rapidly and precipitated with lead acetate. The lead lake is decomposed and the filtrate evaporated to dryness in vacuo. 

Fine, glistening plates from ether, mp 212.8-216,8 gives no depression of melting point when mixed with cortisone. Very sparingly sol in water, ether. Sol in acetone, methanol, alcohol. Gives a carmine-red fluorescence reaction with coned. H2SOt. Reduces ammoniacal silver nitrate soln at room temp, uv max 242 nm (E 500). Oxidation with chromic acid in glacial acetic acid yields 4-androstene-3.17-dione. 

Cochineal extract (Colour Index 75470, E 120)is the final alcohol-free material obtained after aqueous ethanolic extraction of the dried bodies of the female scale insect Dactylopius coccus Costa which lives on cacti such as Opuntia or Nopalea coccinellifera a species indigenous to Peru and Mexico, although also found in the Canary Islands. In practice a simpler procedure consists of aqueous alkaline extraction. The colourant principle is carminic acid which is more well-known in the form of carmine, an aluminium chelate of carminic acid, a material insoluble in water and stable on the acidic side. A uv spectrophotometric study has been made (ref. 21). Thin layer chromatography of cochineal has been examined on acetylated cellulose with the solvent system, ethyl acetate-tetrahydrofuran-water (6 35 47) in which the Rf was 0.94 (refs.22,23). The history of the chemistry of cochineal has been discussed (ref.24). 

Place fixed tubules in a watch glass containing 1% aceto-carmine (about 10 drops) for 15 min. Transfer small pieces of stained tubules onto clean siliconized slides, add a drop of 45% acetic acid over the tubules, cover with zero thinness, 22-mm-size cover glass, place the slide centrally within a pad of bibulous paper, and press firmly with the thumb. Seal the cover glass to the slide with Kronig s cement. 

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