Acid Acetic Anhydride

Required Acetic acid/anhydride mixture, 20 ml. aniline, 10 ml. 

Production is by the acetylation of 4-aminophenol. This can be achieved with acetic acid and acetic anhydride at 80°C (191), with acetic acid anhydride in pyridine at 100°C (192), with acetyl chloride and pyridine in toluene at 60°C (193), or by the action of ketene in alcohoHc suspension. 4-Hydroxyacetanihde also may be synthesized directiy from 4-nitrophenol The available reduction—acetylation systems include tin with acetic acid, hydrogenation over Pd—C in acetic anhydride, and hydrogenation over platinum in acetic acid (194,195). Other routes include rearrangement of 4-hydroxyacetophenone hydrazone with sodium nitrite in sulfuric acid and the electrolytic hydroxylation of acetanilide [103-84-4] (196). 

Variations in the proportions of acetic acid, anhydride, and zinc chloride did not result in increased yields. 

A) A mixture of 333 parts of 4-(1 -piperazinyDphenol dihydrobromide, 11.2 parts of acetic acid anhydride, 42 parts of potassium carbonate and 300 parts of 1,4-dioxane is stirred and refluxed for 3 days. The reaction mixture is filtered and the filtrate is evaporated. The solid residue is stirred in water and sodium hydrogen carbonate is added. The whole is stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitated product is filtered off and dissolved in a diluted hydrochloric acid solution. The solution is extracted with trichloromethane. The acid aqueous phase is separated and neutralized with ammonium hydroxide. The product is filtered off and crystallized from ethanol, yielding 5.7 parts of 1 acetyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)piperazine MP 181.3°C. 

The addition of acetic acid anhydride or acetyl chloride was found to accelerate the reaction. In certain instances other solvents are also used. Phosphates of higher molecular weight alcohols was formed by reaction with P4O10 or POCl3 in the presence of benzene [18-20]. Specific examples describe the reaction of P4O10 with diglycerides from vegetable oil in the presence of isopro-... 

The reaction of condensed phosphoric acid with castor oil gave a poly-phosphoric acid ester, which after neutralization with ammonia shows a high wetting power [32]. Glycerol trioleate was reacted with octametaphosphoric acid at 40°C in the presence of acetic acid anhydride. The reaction product was neutralized with triethanolamine [32,33]. 

C15H21NO5) see Gusperimus trihydrochloride 4-[hydroxy[5-[[(phenylmethoxy)carhonyl]amino]pen-tyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid (C,7H24N20ft 106410-46-2) see Deferoxamine D-a-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-tx-(2-methoxycarbonyl-l-methyl-cthenylamino)acetic acid anhydride with monoethyl carbonate... 

Acetic acid, anhydride, [108-24-7], 58,157 bromo-, methyl ester [96-32-2], 57, 60 chloro-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, 55, 94 cyano-, ethyl ester [105-56-6], 55, 58,... 

Another MOF constructed from Cu paddlewheel SBUs and with 5-nitro-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate as the ligand can be used for the acetylation of methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate with acetic acid anhydride. The framework did not remain intact upon exposure to acetic acid, one of the reaction products [53]. 

Beside the Ugi-MCRs, several other novel multicomponent processes using isocyanides as central substrates are known. Kaime and coworkers have described a MCR between nitro compounds, isocyanides and an acylating agent such as acetic acid anhydride [54]. The a-oximinoamides of type 9-75 obtained are probably formed via the intermediates 9-72 to 9-74 (Scheme 9.14). 

Nickel used nitromethane and acetonitrile for the titration of primaquine and other basic pharmaceuticals in various solvents with 0.05 N perchloric acid in dioxane [9]. Half-neutralizaton potentials were determined in acetonitrile, methyl nitrite, and acetic acid anhydride with respect to pyramidon, arbitrarily taken as 500 mV and were shown in a table. 

Aromatic amine (20 g), acetic acid anhydride (20 mL), acetic acid (glacial, 20 mL), and zinc powder (0.1 g) were mixed and refluxed. After 30 min the solution was poured into 500 mL of ice water and the precipitate was filtered and dried to obtain the acetanilide. 

Dibutanoic acid, dimethyl ester Acetic acid, anhydride... 

Torrence P (2002) Carbonylations synthesis of acetic acid and acetic acid anhydride from methanol. In Cornils B, Herrmann WA (eds) Applied homogeneous catalysis with organometallic compounds, vol 1, 2nd edn. Wiley, Weinheim, p 104... 

Militz, H. (1991a). The improvement of dimensional stability and durability of wood through treatment with non-catalysed acetic acid anhydride. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 49(4), 147-152. 

Synonyms Acetanhydride Acetyl acetate Acetic acid anhydride Acetic oxide Acetyl anhydride Acetyl ether Acetyl oxide BRN 0385737 Caswell No. 003A CCRIS 688 EINECS 203-564-8 EPA pesticide chemical code 044007 Ethanoic anhydrate Ethanoic anhydride UN 1715. 

Acetamidofluorene, see 2-Acetylaminofluorene 2-Acetaminofluorene, see 2-Acetylaminofluorene Acetanhydride, see Acetic anhydride Acetasol, see Acetic acid Acetdimethylamide, see A,A-Dimethylacetamide Acetic acid, amyl ester, see Amyl acetate Acetic acid anhydride, see Acetic anhydride Acetic acid (aqueous soln), see Acetic acid Acetic acid, 2-butoxy ester, see sec-Butyl acetate Acetic acid, butyl ester, see Butyl acetate Acetic acid, sec-butyl ester, see sec-Butyl acetate Acetic acid, ferf-butyl ester, see ferf-Butyl acetate Acetic acid dimethylamide, see A,A-Dimethylacetamide Acetic acid, 1,3-dimethylbutyl ester, see sec-Hexyl acetate Acetic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, see ferf-Butyl acetate Acetic acid, ethenyl ester, see Vinyl acetate... 

The synthetic approaches described thus far for 191 resemble quite closely those reported for similar heterocycles. The system has been prepared for the first time by Tamura and co-workers (79CPB2521). 2-Aminothiadiazole can be aminated with O-mesitylsulfonylhydroxylamine, giving an N-3-aminated product that on treatment with acylating agents (benzoyl chloride, acetic acid anhydride, 200°C) yields the desired compounds (192, R = Me, Ph). Yields are low (15-26%). 

Synonyms Acetic oxide acetyl oxide ethanoic anhydrate acetic acid anhydride... 

Acetylcholine Acetylcholine, 2-acetoxy-A,A,A-trimethylethyl ammonium chloride (13.1.2), is easily synthesized in a number of different ways. For example, 2-chloroethanol is reacted with trimethylamine, and the resulting A,A,A-trimethylethyl-2-ethanolamine hydrochloride (13.1.1), also called choline, is acetylated by acetic acid anhydride or acetylchloride, giving acetylcholine (13.1.2). A second method consists of reacting trimethylamine with ethylene oxide, giving A,A,A-trimethylethyl-2-ethanolamine hydroxide (13.1.3), which upon reaction with hydrogen chloride changes into the hydrochloride (13.1.1), which is further acetylated in the manner described above. Finally, acetylcholine is also formed by reacting 2-chloroethanol acetate with trimethylamine [1-7]. 

In the Mukaiyama aldol additions of trimethyl-(l-phenyl-propenyloxy)-silane to give benzaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde catalyzed by 7 mol% supported scandium catalyst, a 1 1 mixture of diastereomers was obtained. Again, the dendritic catalyst could be recycled easily without any loss in performance. The scandium cross-linked dendritic material appeared to be an efficient catalyst for the Diels-Alder reaction between methyl vinyl ketone and cyclopentadiene. The Diels-Alder adduct was formed in dichloromethane at 0°C in 79% yield with an endo/exo ratio of 85 15. The material was also used as a Friedel-Crafts acylation catalyst (contain-ing7mol% scandium) for the formation of / -methoxyacetophenone (in a 73% yield) from anisole, acetic acid anhydride, and lithium perchlorate at 50°C in nitromethane. 

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