Acceptable daily intake oral exposure

HUMAN HEALTH Minimum risk level, oral Safe daily dose Acceptable daily intake Air Arizona 5 pg/kg body weight daily for acute duration oral exposure of 14 days or lessb 1 pg/kg BW daily for intermediate duration exposure of 15-364 days (USPHS 1994) 3.4 pg/kg body weight (USEPA 1980a) 1.25 pg/kg body weight (USEPA 1980a)... 

Toxicity. Lindane is not highly toxic when applied externally in the concentrations usually employed (0.1 to 1%), but when ingested it may cause convulsions dusts may irritate the nose and throat when used in a confined space. Blood concentrations greater than 0.02 pg/ml have been associated with toxic effects. The estimated minimum oral lethal dose is 200 mg/kg and the maximum permissible atmospheric concentration is 0.5 mg/m. Toxic doses or long term exposure may cause liver necrosis. The maximum acceptable daily intake is lOfig/kg. 

The health and environmental effects profile for antimony oxides was prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH, USA Acceptable daily intakes, defined as the amount of a chemical to which humans can he exposed on a daily basis over an extended period of time (usually a lifetime) without suffering deleterious effects, were 24.5, 29.3, 30.9 and 32.5 /ig day for oral exposure, for antimony, antimony trioxide, antimony tetroxide and antimony pentoxide, respectively. 

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration permissible exposure limit is 100 ppm (435 mg m ) (8h time-weighted average), based on irritation. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health short-term exposure limit (15 min exposure limit) is 125 ppm (543mgm ), based on irritation. The odor threshold is 8.7 ppm. Hazardous waste number F003. The acceptable daily intake (US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)) is 1.6 mg day The EPA oral reference dose (Rfd) for ethyl benzene is 0.1 mg kg day The oral Rfd... 

Despite these reservations, we may conclude that the maximal exposure to 34pg/kg/day of iodate through the use of iodized salt should present no risk for functional or structural lesions. This dose is lower than the peroral NOEL for reproductive toxicology of iodine itself (2-3 mg/kg/day) by a factor of 100, the usual safety factor for establishing acceptable daily intakes (ADI) (Beckmann and Brent, 1984). Ocular toxicity, in particular, is most unlikely to occur since repeated oral exposures to 100 mg/ kg in dogs have failed to induce retinal damage (Webster et ai, 1966). Contrary to Pahuja et, however, we... 

Comparing the conservative exposure estimate with the NOEL from the 13-week study of oral toxicity, the margin of safety is approximately 460. The Committee allocated an acceptable daily intake (ADI) not specified for isoamylase from the production strain P. amyloderamosa, used in the applications specified and in accordance with good manufacturing practice. 

The different effects produced by various routes of entry must also be considered. Oral-inhalative coefficients were calculated from the ratio of oral LD50 to inhalative LD50, to obtain a scale of substance air concentration to oral entry doses that allowed for exposure time and volume of inhaled air. For the majority of pesticides, inhalation exposures produce higher levels than oral entry (Voi-tenko et al. 1984). This finding is important in view of the fact that acceptable daily intakes were established on the basis of oral administration of pesticides. 

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