A Review of the Technology

Since early 1990s, hundreds of surgical robotic tools have been developed by research groups around the world. Of those, a handfial are considered game-changers and have made it to the market. Despite their number, from 

The available technology can also be categorized based on the pathologies they target. The majority of these systems fall under one of the following categories  

Orthopedic surgery Neurosurgery Percutaneous intervention Laparoscopic intervention Ophthalmic surgery Head and neck surgery Urology (transurethral) 

We briefly point out some of the prominent surgical robots that may or may not be commercially available today. 

Minerva [2] was designed for precision image-guided needle placement in stereotactic brain biopsy. The system has 5 DOFs and was designed to intraoperatively control the direction of the tool in real time under computed tomography guidance. 

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B. A. Sykes and D. Brown, A Review of the Technology of High Pressure Systems, Institute of Gas Engineers, London, 1975. 

Chapter 7 gives a review of the technology and applications of zeolites in liquid adsorptive separation of petrochemical aromatic hydrocarbons. The application of zeolites to petrochemical aromatic production may be the area where zeolites have had their largest positive economic impact, accounting for the production of tens of millions of tonnes of high-value aromatic petrochemicals annually. The nonaromatic hydrocarbon liquid phase adsorption review in Chapter 8 contains both general process concepts as well as sufficient individual process details for one to understand both commercially practiced and academic non-aromatic separations. 

A Review of the Technology s Possible Application to control of NOx from Diesel Engines... 

Abstract The subject of miniemulsion polymerization is reviewed. The approach taken is one that combines a review of the technology with historical and tutorial aspects. Rather than developing an absolutely exhaustive review, a tutorial approach has been taken, emphasizing the critical features and advantages of miniemulsion polymerization. In keeping with this tutorial approach, a discussion of conventional emulsion polymerization is included in order to be able to compare and contrast miniemulsion polymerization and conventional emulsion polymerization later in the review. Areas where miniemulsion polymerization has been adopted commercially, or where it is likely to be adopted are highlighted. 

The RBC kinase panel consists of 325 wt kinases (including some lipid kinases), 35 mutants and 6 kinases with special substrates or in activated states. A review of the technology as well as most of the other technologies discussed here was recently published by authors from RBC.23 This paper provides a nice overview of many of the standard catalytic assays used by RBC and other kinome assay providers. For more information on the RBC panel, see http // www.reactionbiology.com/pages/kinase.htm. 

Grashoff GJ, Pilkington CE, Corti CW. The purification of hydrogen a review of the technology emphasizing the current status of palladium membrane diffusion. Report 1983 27(4) 157-169. 

Evaluation of food additives specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation some extraction solvents and certain other substances and a review of the technological efficacy of some antimicrobial agents (Fourteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). FAO Nutrition Meetings Series, No. 48,1971 WHO Technical Report Series, No. 462,1971. Toxicological evaluation of some extraction solvents and certain other substances. FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series, No. 48A, 1971 WHO/Food Add/70.39. Specifications for the identity and purity of some extraction solvents and certain other substances. FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series, No. 48B, 1971 WHO/Food Add/ 70.40. 

A review of the technological efficacy of some antimicrobial agents. FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series, No. 48C, 1971 WHO/Food Add/70.41. 

Evaluation of food additives some enzymes, modified starches, and certain other substances Toxicological evaluations and specifications and a review of the technological efficacy of some antioxidants (Fifteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). FAO Nutrition Meetings Series, No. 50, 1972 WHO Technicai Report Series, No. 488, 1972. 

Greenwell, H., Laurens, L., Shields, R. et al. (2010) Placing microalgae on the biofuels priority hst a review of the technological challenges. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 7(May), 703-726. 

WHO (1972) A review of the technological efficiency of some antioxidants and synergists. 15th Report of the Joint FAOlWHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Rome, 16-24 June, 1971, Geneva, WHO. 

Eow, J.S. and Ghadiri, M. (2001) Electrostatic enhancement of coalescence of water droplets in oil a review of the technology. Chemical Engineering Journal, 85, 357-368. 

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