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Zinc-Bromine Batteries

An overview of the most important quaternary ammonium salts tested for possible applicability in zinc-bromine batteries is presented in Table 2. A rough classification has been applied according to the substance classes of the substituents attached to the nitrogen. [Pg.181]

The two basic requirements for efficient bromine storage in zinc-bromine batteries, which need to be met in order to ensure low self-discharge and more over a substantial reduction of equilibrium vapor pressure of Br2 of the polybromide phase in association with low solubillity of active bromine in the aqueous phase. As mentioned by Schnittke [4] the use of aromatic /V-substitucnts for battery applications is highly problematic due to their tendency to undergo bromination. Based on Bajpai s... [Pg.182]

M. Eskra, P. Eidler, R. Miles, Zinc-bromine battery development for electric vehicle applications, Proc. 24 h hit. Symp. Automotive technology and Automation, Florence, 1991. [Pg.192]

K. Kawahara, 4 1 Int. Zinc-bromine Battery Symp. Perth, Australia, Toyota Central R D Inc. Handout, Feb. 1987. [Pg.193]

R. J. Bellows First Int. Zinc-Bromine Battery Symp., Jan 1985, Final Progress Report, at... [Pg.193]

Zinc is electrodeposited from the sodium zincate electrolyte during charge. As in the zinc/bromine battery, two separate electrolytes loops ("posilyte" and "nega-lyte") are required. The only difference is the quality of the separator The zinc/ bromine system works with a microporous foil made from sintered polymer powder, but the zinc/ferricyanide battery needs a cation exchange membrane in order to obtain acceptable coulombic efficiencies. The occasional transfer of solid sodium ferrocya-nide from the negative to the positive tank, to correct for the slow transport of complex cyanide through the membrane, is proposed [54],... [Pg.206]

Even though zinc-bromine batteries operate with a slightly acidic electrolyte (pH 3), they are discussed here briefly, because... [Pg.286]

Fig. 9.21 Schematic diagrams of zinc-bromine battery systems (a) cell with cation selective membrane (b) cell with reservoir for poly bromide and microporous separator... Fig. 9.21 Schematic diagrams of zinc-bromine battery systems (a) cell with cation selective membrane (b) cell with reservoir for poly bromide and microporous separator...
Zinc-Bromine Battery Development, Sixth Program Review, Phase III, Exxon Research and Engineering Company to DOE/SANDIA, 16-3187 (May 1984). Insulation and Enclosure Development for High Temperature EV Batteries, Final Report, Union Carbide, Linde Division to DOE, Contract No. DE-AC02-8DET25426 (May 1982). [Pg.427]

Putt RA (1979) Assessment of technical and economic feasibility of zinc/bromine batteries for utility load leveling. Palo Alto, CA, USA... [Pg.26]

Exxon Research and Engineering Company (1983) Development of a circulating zinc-bromine battery, phase 1. Final Report, Linden, New Jersey... [Pg.26]

Cathro KJ (1986) Zinc-bromine batteries for energy storage applications volume 541 of end of grant report. Department of resources and energy, Canberra, Australia... [Pg.26]

Butler P, Eidler P, Grimes P (2001) Zinc/bromine batteries. In Linden D, Reddy TB (eds) Handbook of batteries. McGraw-Hill, pp 37.1-37.16... [Pg.27]

Cathro KJ, Cedzynska K, Constable DC (1985) Some properties of zinc/bromine battery electrolytes. J Power Sources 16 53-63. doi 10.1016/0378-7753(85)80003-3... [Pg.27]

Clark N, Eidler P, Lex P (1999) Development of zinc/bromine batteries for load-leveling applications phase 2 final report (Sandia Report SAND99-2691). Albuquerque, New Mexico and Livermore, California... [Pg.44]

Yang S-C (1994) An approximate model for estimating the faradaic efficiency loss in zinc/bromine batteries caused by cell self-discharge. J Power Sources 50 343—360. doi 10. 1016/0378-7753(94)01910-X... [Pg.44]

Bellows RJ, Grimes P, Einstein H et al (1983) Zinc-bromine battery design for electric vehicles. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 32 26-32. doi 10.1109/T-VT.1983.23941... [Pg.44]

Will FG, lacovangelo CD, Jackowski JS, Secor FW (1976) Assessment of zinc-bromine battery for utility load levelling final report (DOE Contract No. EY-76-C-02-2950)... [Pg.95]

Lex PJ, Matthews JF (1992) Recent developments in zinc/bromine battery technology at Johnson controls. In IEEE 35th international power sources symposium. IEEE, pp 88-92... [Pg.95]

There are many reasons for the somewhat low overall efficiency of zinc/bromine batteries (ZBBs), most of which are essentially symptomatic of missing or lost charges that should otherwise be participating in desirable charge transfer reactions... [Pg.97]


See other pages where Zinc-Bromine Batteries is mentioned: [Pg.63]    [Pg.177]    [Pg.286]    [Pg.613]    [Pg.614]    [Pg.217]    [Pg.217]    [Pg.299]    [Pg.406]    [Pg.406]    [Pg.459]    [Pg.4]    [Pg.19]    [Pg.21]    [Pg.30]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.62]    [Pg.81]    [Pg.95]    [Pg.63]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.197 , Pg.233 , Pg.281 , Pg.804 ]




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