X-ray powder diffraction spectra

Figure 1. Comparison of H2 generation from platinized hexagonal CdS (curve A) and cubic CdS (curve B) In Naflon 117. The Insert shows x-ray powder diffraction spectra of CdS In these films.

Figure 6.12. X-ray powder diffraction spectra of a CuInS2 thin film on Mo, prepared using SSP 7.

Binary Compounds. The thermodynamics of the formation of HfCl2, of HfCl4, fused sodium and potassium chlorides have been described. The reduction of ZrXj (X = Cl, Br, or I) with metallic Zr or A1 in molten AICI3 has been studied at temperatures from 250 to 360 °C, depending on the halide. The electronic spectra of the initial reaction products were consistent with either a solvated Zr complex or an intervalence Zr "-Zr" species. Further reduction resulted in the precipitation of reduction products which were identified by analysis and i.r., electronic, and X-ray powder diffraction spectra. The stability of the trihalides with respect to disproportionation was observed to increase from chloride to iodide thus ZrC and ZrCl2,0.4AlCl3 were precipitated, whereas only Zrlj was formed. ... 

Loutfy et al. (1985a) have shown that the infrared absorption of CllnPc is unchanged upon purification by train sublimation or ball milling in halogenated solvents or tetrahydrofuran. The x-ray powder diffraction spectra likewise indicated that all these materials were the same polymorph. Dispersion generation layers showed both increased 830 nm sensitivity and increased dark... 

X-ray powder diffraction spectra were obtained on a CGR Theta 60 instrument using CuKa monochromated radiation (X. = 1.54 A). Unit cell parameters have been calculated by a double-refinement method. 

In all cases, broad diffuse reflections are observed in the high interface distance range of X-ray powder diffraction patterns. The presence of such diffuse reflection is related to a high-order distortion in the crystal structure. The intensity of the diffuse reflections drops, the closer the valencies of the cations contained in the compound are. Such compounds characterizing by similar type of crystal structure also have approximately the same type of IR absorption spectra [261]. Compounds with rock-salt-type structures with disordered ion distributions display a practically continuous absorption in the range of 900-400 cm 1 (see Fig. 44, curves 1 - 4). However, the transition into a tetragonal phase or cubic modification, characterized by the entry of the ions into certain positions in the compound, generates discrete bands in the IR absorption spectra (see Fig. 44, curves 5 - 8). 

The X-ray diffraction patterns and the corresponding solid-state 13C NMR spectra of samples of sPP crystallized in forms I and II are reported in Figure 2.45. Samples of sPP which present X-ray powder diffraction pattern typical of the stable form I (Figure 2.45a) show the usual solid-state 13C NMR... 

Figure 2.45 X-ray powder diffraction patterns of sPP samples in (a) form I and (b) form II and (c,d) corresponding solid-state 13C NMR CPMAS spectra.

In recent years, with growing concern about the relative bioavailabilities of different samples of the same drug substance, polymorphism has become of prime interest. Miyazaki and co-workers (23) have reported the existence of two crystalline forms of CTC-HCl. The X-ray powder diffraction patterns, IR spectra, dissolution behaviors, and hygroscopicities that they reported were distinctly different and there were discrepancies in the bioavailabilities. 

X-ray powder diffraction patterns of samples heated at temperatures between 20 and 500 C were recorded in situ by using a Philips instrument equipped with vacuum camera (5x10 Pa). Heating rates of 5 C min l and CuKot radiation were used. Infrared spectra were obtained using a conventional greaseless IR cell the procedure and sample preparation have been described elsewhere (6). Al MAS-NMR spectra were recorded using a 400 MHz Bruker instrument. 

The pH values of quenched autoclave contents are recorded prior to dilution with water for product recovery. Thermogravimetric analyses (T6A) were performed in air on a DuPont 951 thermogravimetric analyzer. A Siemens 12 X-ray diffractometer was used to collect X-ray powder diffraction data with CuKa radiation. Magic angle spinning P NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker MSL 300 spectrometer. The P NMR spectra were taken at a frequency of 121.496 MHz and a spinning rate of 3-5 kHz. Chemical shifts are reported relative to 85 wt% H3PO4. 

Whereas the Mossbauer spectra at 77 K of CsM13% (M = V, Mn) can be fitted assuming quadrupole splitting at a single metal site, two sites (a/b =2/1), with coupling constants of opposite sign, must be assumed when M = Cr. In the a and b sites the 12T atoms are in asymmetric and symmetric bridging positions respectively, consistent with axially distorted octahedra. The a to jS phase transition (Table 36) is confirmed from X-ray powder diffraction, but at 165 5 K.278... 

Metal content was determined by a LABTAM 8401 inductively coupled plasma spectrometer. X-ray powder diffraction was carried out on a Rigaku 2304 diffractometer with CuK radition(Ni filtered). IR and UV-vis spectra of the solid samples were recorded on a PE FTIR 1760 spectrometer and a PE Lambda Bio 40 instrument respectively. TG-DTA was performed on a CN8076E(Rigaku) thermal analysis instrument. 

Ofloxacin was characterized by UV, vibrational, IR spectroscopies, 1H-, 13C-NMR spectrometry, X-ray powder diffraction pattern, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and mass spectrometry (09MI3). Levofloxacin formed a supramolecular complex with p-cyclodextrin at a molar ratio of 1 1, which was characterized by using UV, fluorescent spectra, DSC, and X-ray diffraction (07MI68). 

IR and Raman spectra of ofloxacin and levofloxacin were measured and evaluated [06SA(A)159]. Saccharin salt of ofloxacin was prepared and characterized by FTIR, X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, and and 13C NMR spectroscopy in solution and in solid state (09JPS3788). Nondestructive discrimination between levofloxacin and ofloxacin containing tablets was achieved by using diffusion reflectance NIR spectroscopy (08PHA628). 

---