Word Processing Scientific

Technical word processing. Scientific Workplace for technical word processing, 2D and 3D graph creation, and BibTeX bibliography creation. LaTeX documents. PCs (Windows). 

This limitation, imposed by a scientific law called the second law of thermodynamics, can be difficult to understand. It involves a concept known as entropy, which can be thought of as a measure of disorder. Entropy must increase in natural processes in other words, processes naturally go from order to disorder (as observed by anyone who has bought a shiny new bicycle or automobile and watched it fade, corrode, break down, and finally fall apart—usually just after the warranty expires). The second law of thermodynamics requires a heat engine to vent some heat into the environment, thereby raising entropy. This loss is unavoidable, and a heat engine will not operate without it. No one will ever buy a car powered by a gasoline engine that does not exhaust, and lose, some of its heat. 

Dessy, R. A. "Scientific Word Processing". Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 1987,1, 309-319. 

Since documenting work is a major aspect, an ELN should provide at least a documentation capability similar to conventional word processing software. We will refer to this functionality as electronic scientific document to distinguish this functionality from other features of an ELN. 

In the ideal case, conventional word processing software can be embedded into a scientific workspace to directly edit and report information in the same software package. Creating a report document in a scientific workspace also allows the transfer of the preview of any file entry to be included, for instance via drag and drop from the file tree to the document. Workspace reports may optionally include placeholders for administrative data, similar to the electronic scientific document. However, in contrast to the latter, this information may be changed or edited. 

First, many scientific word processing packages exist. Some can handle chemical structures. Examples (not necessarily chemically oriented) are ... 

To cover the specialized area of chemical structures in detail, authors could provide only cursory coverage of mathematical expressions and tabular material. Many of the scientific word processing packages that I mentioned and some software the book discusses in detail (especially ChemText from Molecular Design Limited) will handle scientific and graphics material other than chemical structures. This book does not cover well-known graphics systems that handle chemical structures or chemical reactions these systems are already well-documented (6, 7). 

It was reahzed quite some decades ago that the amount of information accumulated by chemists can, in the long run, be made accessible to the scientific community only in electronic form in other words, it has to be stored in databases. This new field, which deals with the storage, the manipulation, and the processing of chemical information, was emerging without a proper name. In most cases, the scientists active in the field said they were working in "Chemical Information . However, as this term did not make a distinction between librarianship and the development of computer methods, some scientists said they were working in "Computer Chemistry to stress the importance they attributed to the use of the computer for processing chemical information. However, the latter term could easily be confused with Computational Chemistry, which is perceived by others to be more limited to theoretical quantum mechanical calculations. 

Finally, in this Introduction, it is worthwhile to reproduce one of the several current definitions, in the Oxford English Dictionary, of the word simulate To imitate the conditions or behaviour of (a situation or process) by means of a model, especially for the purpose of study or training specifically, to produce a computer model of (a process) . The Dictionary quotes this early (1958) passage from a text on high-speed data processing A computer can simulate a warehouse, a factory, an oil refinery, or a river system, and if due regard is paid to detail the imitation can be very exact . Clearly, in 1958 the scientific uses of computer simulation were not yet thought worthy of mention, or perhaps the authors did not know about them. 

---