Wire-Cut

Biscuits can be shaped by cutting, either rotating or vertical, wire cutting or rotary moulding. These processes are covered in Chapter 8 (Section 8.4 on biscuits). 

It is also possible to shape biscuits by a mechanised system that does the same process. This is called sheeting gauging and cutting. Some biscuits are shaped by extrusion and depositing, while others are wire cut. Alternatively, the biscuit dough can be fed to a rotary moulder, which shapes the biscuits in one step (Figure 2). 

To a glass vial is added a solution of 3.75 gm (0.015 mole) of l-bromo-2-chlorocyclodecene in 35 ml of absolute ether. Then 1.0 gm (0.045 gm-atom) of fine sodium wire, cut into 1 cm lengths, is added. The tube is sealed after flushing with nitrogen, and after 10 days at room temperature, with occasional shaking, the tube is broken open, filtered, washed once with a saturated salt solution, twice with hydrochloric acid, once again with salt solution, dried, and then fractionally distilled to afford 1.0 gm (49 %), b.p. 72°-75°C (13 mm), nl° 1.5024, d ° 0.897. 

Chapter H2 describes the measurement of textural properties of solid-like foods. The first unit in that chapter, unit H2.i, describes a general procedure commonly used to evaluate the texture of solid foods. This method involves the compression of the food material between two parallel plates. There are a number of empirical textural parameters which can be evaluated with this technique. Simple compressive measurements do not provide a complete textural picture of some foods untthi.i presents variations to the parallel plate compression method with the use of special fixtures. For example the use of a puncture probe or a wire cutting device provide data that may relate more directly to the consumer s evaluation of texture for products like apples and cheese, unit m.3 describes a general protocol for the evaluation of a number of sensory texture parameters. This protocol is... 

Razor blades, cork borer, wire cutting device... 

Wire cutting device (sectilometer single- or multiwire)... 

Turn on the mechanical testing machine and attach the appropriate fixture (Wamer-Bratzler, Kramer, wire cutting fixture). 

Place the specimen on the two metal parts of the lower portion of the Wamer-Bratzler fixture or the Kramer shear cell and fill the lower fixture to about half capacity. In the case of a wire cutting device, place the specimen on the lower plate. 

Figure H2.2.4 A force/determination curve illustrating a wire cutting test (10 mm/min deformation rate) for cheddar cheese using a single-wire sectilometer at room temperature.

Select a deformation rate of 22.86 cm/min (9 inches/min) for the Wamer-Bratzler test. For the Kramer shear cell test or the wire cutting test, select a desired deformation rate. 

Structured foods, such as cheddar cheese and some fruits and vegetables, are often examined using wire cutting fixtures known as sec-... 

Cut three 2-cm cubes from each concentration of gelatin gel using a wire-cutting grid. 

The die produces a column of clay with the desired form and a steel wire cuts it in individual parts. Products made by an extruder bricks (both perforated and not), hollow bricks, large building blocks, drainage pipes, sewer pipes, riven slabs, tiles and roof tiles. The extruder requires the use of a plastic clay. The baked product is characterized by its square shape and smooth surface. 

Pyrolysis of polyvinyl food-wrap film during hot wire cutting Emissions from the combustion of polyethylene foam Pyrolysis of polyethylene foam 15 cm above heated cooki ng oi 1... 

Other devices used for fat consistency measurements include wire-cutting instru-... 

The horizontal fiber structure is extruded in a ribbon 1%" x SVs" then wire cut to 8" lengths. The surface texture may be smooth. diamond pattern or have an emery grit surface. The horizontal fiber brick is more susceptible to spalling from excessive wheel load traffic and to thermal shock. Voids or blisters may form within the brick during the burning process. After a period of exposure, salts tend to filter into these voids and expand, resulting in spalling. While the exposed faces of this type of brick is more easily cleaned, the use of horizontal fiber brick is not often recommended. 

Use of a co-amine is embodied in an improved procedure for the preparation of A -octalin. A mixture of 0.2 mole of naphthalene and 250 ml. each of ethylamine and dimethylamine is placed in a flask fitted with a dry ice condenser, 1.65 g.-atoms of lithium wire cut in half-centimeter pieces is added all at once, and the mixture is stirred magnetically for 14 hrs. The solvent mixture is allowed to evaporate and the grayish white residue (containing excess lithium) is decomposed by cautious addition of about 100 ml. of water with cooling. The precipitated product is collected and the filtrate extracted with ether distillation affords 19-20 g. of hydrocarbon found by VPC analysis to contEiin 80% of A "-octalin and 20% of A -octalin. Isolation of the major product in pure form is accomplished by reaction of the mixture with bis-3-methyl-2-butylborane, which adds selectively to the less hindered A -isomer. Oxidation of the product with hydrogen peroxide to convert the adduct into an easily separated alcohol, followed by distillation, affords A" " -octalin of 99% purity in yield from naphthalene of 50-54%,... 

Figure 1.17 Specimen sectioning by (a) wire cutting with electric discharging and (b) diamond saw sectioning.

A weighted wire cuts through a block of ice. The ice melts under the high pressure of the wire, and then refreezes behind the wire. 

Take of Iron Wire cut in pieces, four ounces. 

To assure that this spot becomes very hot, one should next take a wire cutter and at the bottom of the loop of wire cut half way through the wire. If very thin nichrome wire is being used this step should be skipped because the wire will just break. The idea behind cutting a nick in the wire is pretty simple. This spot will be hotter than the rest of the wire because a smaller amount of wire will be forced to carry the current at that point. 

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