Whipped propellant

Notwithstanding the fascinating reaction chemistry of N2O it is salutory to remember that its largest commercial use is as a propellant and aerating agent for whipped ice-cream — this depends on its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats coupled with its non-toxicity in small concentrations and its absence of taste. It was also formerly much used as an anaesthetic. 

WEB Dinitrogen oxide, commonly called nitrous oxide, is used as a propellant gas for whipped-cream dispensers. It is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate to 250°C Water vapor is also formed. 

Perhaps the best known oxide of nitrogen is N20, commonly called nitrous oxide or laughing gas. Nitrous oxide is frequently used as an anesthetic, particularly in dentistry. It is also the propellant gas used in whipped cream containers N20 is nontoxic, virtually tasteless, and quite soluble in vegetable oils. The N20 molecule, like all those in Figure 21.6, can be represented as a resonance hybrid. 

In canned whipping cream, the gas nitrous oxide is used as both a propellant and a whipping agent. Nitrous oxide under pressure dissolves in the fats in the cream, and comes out of solution (like fizzing carbon dioxide in a soda) when the pressure is released. The bubbles of nitrous oxide instantly whip the cream into foam. 

Propellants are gases or liquids that quickly expand into gases to carry a substance (often a glue, as in the case of hairspray, but sometimes a foam, as in whipped cream) out of its container. 

Nitrous oxide is used as a foaming agent and propellant in whipped cream. It dissolves easily in fats under pressure, and comes out of solu-... 

Many gases dissolve in fats and make good propellants. However, most are flammable or toxic, or they react with the fats. Other possible propellants, such as the propane used in hairsprays or in Freon, also cause intoxication when they dissolve in the fats around nerve cells. These substances are not used, since their flammability, safety, cost, or taste makes them less desirable than nitrous oxide for spray cans of whipping cream. 

Because it is tasteless, unreactive, nontoxic in small amounts, and soluble in fats, N20 is sometimes used as a foaming agent and propellant for whipped cream. 

Determine the Lewis structure of dinitrogen oxide (NNO), a gas used as an anesthetic, a foaming agent, and a propellant for whipped cream. 

Nitrous oxide is relatively soluble in water, and it is used as a propellant gas in canned whipped cream. It is also used as an anesthetic (laughing gas). 

Nitrous oxide is nontoxic—it used as the propellant in whipped-cream spray cans—and so might seem to be an unlikely pollutant. However, as noted earlier, it may contribute significantly to greenhouse warming. Furthermore, on diffusing to the stratosphere, N20 becomes involved in the ozone cycle (reactions 8.2, 8.3, and 8.6) following its conversion to nitric oxide (NO) ... 

Because it is tasteless, is nontoxic in small amounts, and dissolves readily in fats, N20 is sometimes used as a foaming agent and propellant for whipped cream. Dinitrogen oxide is unreactive and does not react at ordinary temperatures with the halogens, the alkali metals, or ozone. However, organic matter burns in it after being ignited because the heat... 

Strong heating can cause an explosion.) Known as "laughing gas" because small doses are mildly intoxicating, nitrous oxide is used as a dental anesthetic and as a propellant for dispensing whipped cream. 

N20 is used as an aerosol propellant in cans of whipped cream and some other food and beverage products. These products are also a source of N20 for some nitrous abusers. 

Internet sales of whippet cartridges are a growing problem that has resulted in the death of at least one nitrous user. Sold under the guise of whipped cream propellants and erotic aids, whippets are frequently sold alongside crackers, balloons, and other drug paraphernalia that make their intended use fairly clear. 

Cilia and flagella are stable microtubule-based structures which project from the plasma membranes of particular eukaryotic cells. The energy-dependent oscillations of these structures can drive material over the surface of a cell or propel the cell along. For example, the whip-like motions of cilia on the cells at the head of the fallopian tube draw newly released ova from the ovaries into and along the oviduct. The snake-like movements of the flagellum on a sperm provide these cells with movement. 

Nitrous oxide is quite soluble in water. At 0 °C, a volume of water dissolves 1.3 times its volume of N20 at 1 atm pressure. It is used as a propellant gas in canned whipped cream, and it has been used as an anesthetic (laughing gas). The melting point of N20 is -91 °C and the boiling point is -88 °C. 

When gases that are somewhat soluble in a liquid concentrate are used, both concentrate and dissolved gas are expelled. The dissolved gas then tends to escape into the atmosphere, dispersing the liquid into fine particles. The pressure within the container decreases as the product is dispersed because the volume occupied by the gas increases. Some of the gas then comes out of solution, partially restoring the original pressure. This type of soluble compressed gas system has been used for whipped creams and toppings and is ideal for use with antistick cooking oil sprays. It is also used for household and cosmetic products either where hydrocarbon propellants cannot be used or where hydrocarbons are undesirable. 

Dinitrogen monoxide is used in medicine as an anesthetic because, when inhaled, it can bring about a spasmodic inclination to laugh and a condition resembling drunkenness, which explains its historic name, laughing gas. It is also used as a propellant in the munitions industry and a foaming agent for whipped cream in the food industry. 

Nitrous Oxide Laughing Gas That Propels Whipped Cream and Cars... 

One major use of nitrous oxide today is as the propellant in cans of instant whipped cream. 

Massachusetts General Hospital in 1845. The first patient came out of anesthesia too soon, and Wells s discovery was not fully understood or appreciated. Wells continued his experiments with anesthetics and later became addicted to the anesthetic chloroform. Sadly, he committed suicide as a result of his chloroform addiction. Though nitrous oxide was not appreciated at its first public hospital demonstration, it is still widely used today as an anesthetic, particularly in combination with other volatile anesthetics during surgeries. Likewise, nitrous-oxide use as a recreational drug has continued from the early nitrous-oxide capers to the present day, with the use of whipping-cream-propellant whippets and nitrous-oxide balloons and canisters. 

Nitrous oxide is used therapeutically as an anesthetic or analgesic. It is also used in the formulation of rocket fuel and as a propellant for whipped cream. It occurs endogenously. Nitrous oxide is a common inhalant drug of abuse. 

A compressed gas used to expel the contents of containers in the form of aerosols. Chlorofluorocarbons were once widely used because of their nonflammability. The strong possibility that they contribute to depletion of the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere has resulted in prohibition of their use for this purpose. Other propellants used are hydrocarbon gases, such as butane and propane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide. The materials dispersed include insecticides, shaving cream, whipping cream,andcosmeticpreparations. See ozone (note). 

Write the empirical formulas for the following molecules (a) acetylene (C2H2), which is used in welding torches (b) glucose (C6Hi20g), a substance known as blood sugar and (c) nitrous oxide (N2O), a gas that is used as an anesthetic gas ( laughing gas ) and as an aerosol propellant for whipped creams. 

Nitrous oxide is relatively unreactive, being inert to the halogens, alkali metals and ozone at room temperature. It will oxidize some low-valent transition-metal complexes21 and forms the complex [Ru(NH3)5N20]2+ (Section 26-F-4). At elevated temperatures it decomposes to nitrogen and oxygen, reacts with alkali metals and many organic compounds, and supports combustion. It has a moderate solubility in cream, and, apart from its anesthetic role, its chief commercial use is as the propellant gas in whipped cream bombs. 

The mechanisms involved in this agglomeration are different in the four types of whipped products, and the fat globule membrane appears to have a different structure at the time of whipping. The propellant of choice in aerosol products is nitrous oxide. The solubility of this gas in the fat phase of the products is thought to provide the primary basis for disruption of the fat globule membrane and resultant fat globule agglomeration. 

For foods delivered by aerosol cans, propane and butane are obviously not appropriate propellants. For substances such as whipped cream, the propellant N2O is often used. 

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