Wet application

Roughness has important implications in wetting applications. While the eutectic solder, SnPb, normally forms a contact angle of 15-20° with copper, it completely wets the surface of rough electroplated copper and forms a fractal spreading front [69]. 

The process conditions, such as fluid composition and temperature, often have a far greater effect on the maximum useable life than the normal dry mechanical properties of the material. A typical change is from 120°C maximum temperature for dry applications to 75°C for wet applications. 

The latter benefit becomes particularly significant where one or more conventional process steps can be combined or eliminated (e.g., co-application of resin and colorants, wet-on-wet applications, elimination of afterwashing, etc.). 

The low wet pick-up of foam processing permits "wet-on-wet" applications. For example, foam printed fabrics have been foam finished without an intermediate drying. There was no loss in print definition as would be the case if conventionally printed goods were conventionally finished without first drying and curing the print. Thus an entire drying/curing step is eliminated. 

The solvent-borne basecoat, consisting of polyester or acrylic binder to be cross-lined with melamine or isocyanate, is applied at a dry film thickness of between 0.6 and 1.5 mils, depending upon the color. Poorer-hiding colors, such as red and white straight shades, require the higher film builds, whereas metal lies and darker colors are applied at the lower film builds. The solvent-borne basecoat is allowed to flash-ofif solvent for approximately 3-5 min at ambient conditions prior to application or the solvent-borne clear-coat. This process is referred to as a wet-on-wet application because the basecoat is not in its cured or cross-linked state. 

Minimum charge diameter of the first formula should be around 8 inches. Whereas the 2nd formulation can be used in bore holes 6 inches or greater in diameter. Water and wet blasting condition should be avoided with the first composition due to the lack of water tolerance. The 2nd explosive has a slightly greater tolerance, but with all AN explosives, unless they are designed for wet applications, water and wet conditions should be avoided. 

Scouring/wetting applications involving anionic surfactants Materials Data ... 

For some time finished enamels have been utilized for wet application, which have to be premilled dry with mill admixtures. The necessary quantities then only have to be stirred with water to a utilizable suspension. 

The classical dry application of ground enamel to cast iron objects is operated in addition to wet application. The cast iron enamel is dredged through a sieve onto the glowing object. The enamel powder melts and is subsequently melted smooth in a furnace. Multiple application yields thicker layers. 

Yarns are available in a variety of deniers and merge types that vary in the balance of tensile properties. Special finishes can be applied to increase lubricity, improve fatigue in wet applications, or provide better UV resistance. Ropes using Kevlar or Twaron are particularly useful for static applications or where maximum modulus is required. Technora-based ropes are suited for dynamic applications where resistance to fatigue is important. 

Features Good pigment wetting, applic. and durability Properties APHA 100 max. color dens. 8.37 Ib/gal vise. (Gardner-Holdt) X-Z acid no. 5-7 60% NV Setalux 17-1453 [Akzo Nobel Resins]... 

Fabrics have woven or non-woven fibres in one or more directions see Fig. 4.7. They are applied on the surface through either dry or wet application. Dry application means that the impregnation resin is applied on the structure and then the fabric is applied in a dry state to the resin. By using a roller, the fabric is pressed into the resin (Fig. 4.8). Any additional... 

Among their limitations is a slow setting speed, which is faster than that of water-based solution adhesives but is significantly slower than that of Hot melt adhesives. Further, when used in the conventional wet application mode, at least one substrate surface must be porous. 

Wet application - Best for detecting fine cracks on relatively smooth material. 

Wet application of a second layer of epoxy resin and later treatment by a special break-bubble roller... 

Laying up of carbon fiber high-resistance/high-modulus fabric with factored arranged fibers and successive treatment with a special break-bubble roUer wet application of a second layer of epoxy resin and successive treatment with a special break-bubble roller... 

The use of cyclones or other separators, in the sampling mode, for on-line particle size measurement is now well established in both dry and wet applications . This involves taking a continuous sample stream through a small cyclone or hydroclone under a given set of operating conditions, and monitoring the recovery of the cyclone. The task of particle size measurement is thus reduced to measurement of solids concentrations in two material streams. 

Dry hydrogen sulfide is satisfactorily handled under pressure at normal ambient temperatures in carbon steel or black iron piping. Carbon steels in wet applications are known to be subject to sulfide stress cracking and low-temperature brittle fracture under some conditions of temperature, stress, and pressure. While hydrogen sulfide itself is relatively noncorrosive to steel in many uses, factors such as impurities, pH, erosive con-... 

Nylatron ways consist of nylon with a molybdenum disulfide filler. They have a high PV rating and low friction and wear. They should have a surface finish of 32 to 125 microinches Ra. Nylatron ways are good for use in dry applications. They are especially good for use in thermoplastic side-flexing chain comers when no lubrication is used. Nylatron should not be used in wet applications because the nylon will absorb moisture and swell. 

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) ways are usually made from extmded bars or strips. They have lower friction than metal ways and good corrosion resistance to many industrial fluids. They should have a surface finish of 32 to 125 microinches Ra. UHMWPE ways are good for use in dry or wet applications with straight-mnning or side-flexing flat-top chains. They do not absorb water and are not affected by moisture. 

---