Wells, water supply

Due to contamination from a metal plating facility, the water from a nearby community water supply well was shown to contain cyanide at a concentration of 20 pg/L, nickel at 95 pg/L, and chroniium(IIl) at 10,200 pg/L. If the daily water intake is assumed to be 0.2L, and the body weight of an adult is 70kg, do these noncarcinogenic chemicals pose a health hazard ... 

Johnson R, J Pankow, D Bender, C Price, J Zogorski (2000) MTBE to what extent will past releases contaminate community water supply wells Environ Sci Technol 34 210A-217A. 

Figure 3 Example of a water supply well purging and sampling form...

Unless laboratory studies on material compatibility establish otherwise, it is recommended that equipment used to collect groundwater samples for pesticide analysis be constructed of metal, fluorocarbon polymer, or glass.However, for a water-supply well, inert well, pump, and plumbing materials are not likely to have been installed for all components. In this case, in-place well, pump type, and plumbing materials should be documented. 

Suction lysimeters are required for some field-scale groundwater monitoring studies to monitor the transport of compounds of interest through the unsaturated zone. Unlike monitoring wells or water supply wells that sample water from the saturated zone, suction lysimeters sample water from the unsaturated zone. This section provides a summary of the installation and sampling procedures for pressure-vacuum suction lysimeters. A detailed discussion of unsaturated zone sampling devices is available elsewhere. 

P 11.6 Estimating the Arrival of 2,6-Dinitrotoluene at a Water Supply Well... 

The county landfill in the diagram was monitored to verify that toxic compounds were not leaching into the local water supply. Wells drilled at 21 locations were monitored over a year and pollutants were observed only at sites 8, 11. 12, and 13. Monitoring all 21 sites each month is very expensive. Suggest a strategy to use composite samples (Box 0-1) made from more than one well at a time to reduce the cost of routine monitoring. How will your scheme affect the minimum detectable level for pollutants at a particular site ... 

Burkel, R.S. and Stoll, R.C. (1999) Naturally occurring arsenic in sandstone aquifer water supply wells of north-eastern Wisconsin. GroundWater Monitoring and Remediation, 19(2), 114-21. 

Select monitoring points—wells or springs situated near all potential pollution sources (in the downflow direction), surface water bodies (rivers, lakes, operational ponds, etc.), and water supplying wells... 

Feedlots are sited close to existing water supply wells and rivers used for water supply (these pose a greater threat than facilities located at a distance from water supplies). Feedlots are located next to sinkholes, abandoned mine shafts, abandoned wells or other features that allow drainage direct access to the water table. 

Water supply wells, including tubewells, are located close to fuel storage tanks or a site previously used for bulk fuel storage. 

The US EPA summarized the results of studies of potential pathways for the release of chemicals from Superftmd sites (US EPA, 1988). Migration to groundwater was cited as the primary pathway of contaminants at these hazardous waste sites, a trend confirmed by the data in Table 1 37% of sites involved releases to groundwater and 23% were responsible for releases to both groundwater and surface water. Other studies document the potential hazards of hazardous waste disposal. The EPA, in a survey of 466 public water supply wells, found that one or more volatile organic... 

Arsenic contamination is of concern in the region due to the high concentrations and widespread occurrence of the problem (Fig. 2). According to data collected by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), approximately 21% of private water supply wells in Outagamie and Winnebago counties exceed 10 p.g/1 about 4% of the wells... 

Slattery, M., Kenah, C., Slattery, R, and Musser, K., 2000, Occurrence and release of ground water arsenic in public water supply wells in Ohio in 2000 Midwest Ground Water Conference, Columbus, Ohio. 

Exceptionally, portlandite [Ca(OH)2l and/or brucite fMg(OH)2l cause similarly high pH values in springs issuing from ultramafic rocks (cf. Neal and Stanger 1985 Bath et al. 1987). (At Pco, = 10 bar and 25°C, MINTEQA2 finds pH = 12.43 at portlandite saturation and pH = 10.32 at brucite saturation.) Portlandite is also a component in concrete, which is used in the construction of water-supply wells, and may cause pH values above 12 in the groundwater from such wells for a time following their completion. 

ATSDR. 1988. Health assessment for Vestal water supply well 1 -1, Town of Vestal, New York Region 2. CERCLIS NO. NYD980763767. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Atlanta, GA. PB90-140062. 

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