Water-softening agent

The sequestering agent tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) removes calcium and magnesium from the saliva, so they can t deposit on teeth as insoluble deposits called tartar (calcified plaque). In this respect it acts as a water-softening agent. However, it won t remove tartar that already exists. 

All proteolytic enzymes described are fairly non-specific serine endoproteases, cleaving peptide chains preferentially at the carboxyl side of hydrophobic amino acid residues. The enzymes convert their substrates into small, readily soluble fragments which can be removed easily from fabrics. Only serine protease can be used in detergent formulations, as thiol proteases such as papain would be oxidized by the bleaching agents, acidic proteases are not active at common laundry conditions, and metalloproteases such as thermolysin would lose their metal cofactors because of complexation with the water-softening agents or hydroxyl ions. 

The investigations of materials obtained from nano-sized particles showed that they have unknown properties or enhanced characteristics compared to common materials. Many alkaline carbonates have take in especially application in practice. Calcium carbonate is widely used for production of toothpaste, binding agents, etc. [12,13]. Barium carbonate is used mainly in glass production industries, as well as water softening agent, etc. Both substances are crystalline, with rhombic lattice and practically insoluble in water [12]. 

Several commercial laundry soaps contain water-softening agents, usually sodium carbonate (Na2C03) or sodium phosphate (Na3P04 or Na2HP04). Explain how these water-softening agents allow soaps to be used in water that is hard by virtue of its (a) low pH. (b) dissolved Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe3+ salts. 

STPP adds a number of benefits to a detergent. For example, it can kill some bacteria and prevent washers from becoming corroded (rusted) and clogged. The most important function in detergents, however, is as a water-softening agent. 

You are working for a company that makes water-softening agents for homes with hard water. 

Chemquest. [Chemonic Industries] EDTA or salt blends water softening agent... 

Antisal 4 Caswell No. 898 CCRIS 7086 Dri-Tri EINECS 231-509-8 Emulsiphos 440/660 EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076406 HSDB 583 NSC 215202 Nutrifos STP Oakite Phosphoric acid, trisodium salt Sodium orthophosphate Sodium orthophosphate, tertiary Sodium orthophosphate, tribasic Sodium phosphate Sodium phosphate (Na3PO<) Sodium phosphate, tribasic Sodium tertiary phosphate Tertiary sodium phosphate Tribasic sodium orthophosphate Tribasic sodium phosphate Trinatriumphosphat Trisodium orthophosphate Tri-sodium phosphate Tromete TSP TSP-0. Inorganic salt For pH adjustment in food systems cleaning compounds, water treatment, textiles. Water softening agent subject... 

Calgon Trade name for a water-softening agent. See hardness of water. 

CQ P4O10 have in common What is the common structural feature of aU the acids containing phosphorus( V) (b) Sodium trimetaphosphate (Na3P309) and sodium tetrametaphos-phate (Na4P40j2) are used as water-softening agents. They... 

The nature of the impurities in the water has a major effect on soil removal from a textile. If the water is hard and contains significant amounts of calcium and magnesium salts as carbonates, sulfates, or chlorides, these salt ions will interfere with the soil lifting action of the surfactant unless appropriate water softening agents are added. Dissolved iron salts or the presence of clays, silts, and other colorants can interfere with cleaning, also. 

---