Water residue definition

The crop residue definition includes parent flucarbazone-sodium and the A/-desmethyl flucarba-zone metabolite (I). The soil and water residue definitions include parent flucarbazone-sodium and the sulfonic acid, sulfonamide and A/,0-dimethyl triazoli-none (NODT) metabolites... 

The method must be capable of determining all components (a.i. and relevant/major metabolites) that are included in the residue definitions used in the assessment of risk to nontarget organisms. For ground (drinking) water and air, the risk to con-sumers/operators or bystanders must also be considered. 

Most of the anilides except for naproanilide, propanil and pentanochlor are stable to sunlight in water. The definitions of residues in water samples are summarized below. 

The definition of water residue for the neonicotinoid insecticides except for niten-pyram and thiacloprid is the parent molecule. For nitenpytram and thiacloprid both the parent and its metabolites are determined. These metabolites are 2-[A-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-A-ethyl]amino-2-methyliminoacetic acid (CPMA) and... 

The residue definition of famoxadone includes only famoxadonefor plants and animals. Forsoil and water, IN-JS940 (CAS No. 157874-97-0) and IN-KZ007 have also been included in the residue definition. 

Regulatory position The residue definition consists of tebuconazole alone for crops, soil, and water... 

Depending on pH and products formed, the effective residual concentration of chlorine [free available chlorine (FAC)] HOCl or OCl is 0.1-0.2 mg/L. Higher concentrations tend to give water a definite taste. 

Water soluble protein with a relative molecular mass of ca. 32600, which particularly contains copper and zinc bound like chelate (ca. 4 gram atoms) and has superoxide-dismutase-activity. It is isolated from bovine liver or from hemolyzed, plasma free erythrocytes obtained from bovine blood. Purification by manyfold fractionated precipitation and solvolyse methods and definitive separation of the residual foreign proteins by denaturizing heating of the orgotein concentrate in buffer solution to ca. 65-70 C and gel filtration and/or dialysis. 

A fully automated instrumental procedure has been developed for analyzing residual corrosion inhibitors in production waters in the field. The method uses ultraviolet (UV) and fluorescence spectrophotometric techniques to characterize different types of corrosion inhibitors. Laboratory evaluations showed that fluorescence is more suitable for field application because errors from high salinity, contamination, and matrix effect are minimized in fluorescence analysis. Comparison of the automated fluorescence technique with the classic extraction-dye transfer technique showed definite advantages of the former with respect to ease, speed, accuracy, and precision [1658],... 

A sample of hops which had been treated with tetraethyl pyrophosphate showed a negative chemical analysis. The plant material was also extracted and the extract added to the drinking water of test animals and sensitive insects. The animals and insects that drank this treated water for several days showed no reaction. With the sensitive insects it would have been possible to detect even a few parts per million. In addition, there have been extensive commercial field applications of the chemical in dust and spray form to crops such as apples, pears, grapes, celery, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and others up to within a few days of harvest there has been no detectable poison residue on any of the crops. The lack of poison residue with use of tetraethyl pyrophosphate is due to the fact that it hydrolyzes within a few hours of application, breaking down into transient nonresidual and nonpoisonous chemicals. Thus it is possible to use tetraethyl pyrophosphate well up to harvest time of food products without danger of residual poison on crops. The fact that the chemical is used in extremely small amounts is a definite advantage in respect to freedom from poison residue. 

The potential for the preservation of lipids is relatively high since by definition they are hydrophobic and not susceptible to hydrolysis by water, unlike most amino acids and DNA. A wide range of fatty acids, sterols, acylglycerols, and wax esters have been identified in visible surface debris on pottery fragments or as residues absorbed into the permeable ceramic matrix. Isolation of lipids from these matrices is achieved by solvent extraction of powdered samples and analysis is often by the powerful and sensitive technique of combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS see Section 8.4). This approach has been successfully used for the identification of ancient lipid residues, contributing to the study of artifact... 

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