Water quality guidelines

Table 23.5 shows the recommended water characteristics for shell boilers and Table 23.6 the water quality guidelines for industrial watertube boilers. Due to the wide parameters encountered in the quality of feedwater, it is not possible to be specific and to define which treatment suits a particular type and size of boiler. The quality of make-up and percentage of condense returns in a system will both have to be taken into consideration. 

Table 23.6 Water-quality guidelines recommended for reliable, continuous operation of modern industrial watertube boiler s...

In the recommended feed water quality guidelines, McCoy notes that for modem industrial boilers, which have extremely high rates of heat transfer, the concentrations for iron should be essentially zero. Similarly, total hardness should not exceed 0.3 ppm CaC03, even at the lowest pressures suspended solids in the feed water should be zero, if possible. 

Department of Environmental Quality Water Quality Guidelines. Expressed as Total Recoverable". 

Arizona Drinking water quality guidelines for Endosulfan 74 pg/L FSTRAC 1995... 

Ashbolt N, Grabow WOK, Snozzi M (2001) Indicators of microbial water quality. In Fewtrell L, Bartram J (eds) Water quality guidelines standards and health assessment of risk and risk management for water-related infectious disease. IWA Publishing, London, pp 289-316... 

Maine Drinking water quality guidelines and standards (fuel oil no. 2) lOO g/L FSTRAC 1988... 

The WHO considers in its drinking-water quality guidelines, in relation to genotoxic carcinogens, that a lifetime cancer risk for consumers of less than 10 represents a tolerable risk (WHO 1996). Guideline values associated with excess lifetime cancer risks of 10 and 10 are also presented for the genotoxic carcinogens to emphasize the fact that each country should select its own appropriate risk level. 

CCME (1999) Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life. Toluene. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Ottawa, ON http ceqg-rcqe.ccme.ca/ download/en/216/ (last accessed 26 September 2011). 

The existence of a guideline or standard achieves nothing unless it is enforced. This situation implies a need for monitoring and surveillance activities. It is of prime importance that every effort be made to ensure that water quality guidelines are met and that water quality is maintained throughout the distribution system. 

Table 8 Water-quality guidelines/criteria drinking water, for current-use pesticides (ng/L) for the protection of aquatic life and ...

CWQG (1999). Canadian Water Quality Guidelines (and updates). Task Force on Water Quality Guidelines of the Canadian Council of Resource and Environment Ministers. Ottawa, ON CWQG. 

United States and Canada have water quality guidelines and European countries banned the use of alkylphenol polyethoxylates. To date, there is no standard available for regulating APs in the environmental media of South Korea. Most of the sites investigated throughout the South Korean peninsula are not expected to be sufficiently contaminated with APs or BPA to cause adverse effects. However, NP concentrations in some waters and sediments were over the guidelines of the USA and Canada. This means that aquatic organisms can be adversely affected by NP exposure in some aquatic systems. Therefore, actions should be taken to implement the regulations of NP to protect the aquatic ecosystems in South Korea. 

Apparent Effect Levels Acid Volatile Sulphide Ambient Water Quality Guideline Contaminant Body Residue... 

Drinking Water Quality Guidelines and Standards (2,3,7,8-TCDD) 2.2x10 6 g/L... 

Chapman J. 2001. The revised Australian and New Zealand water quality guidelines for toxicants approach to their derivation and application. Aust J Ecotoxicol 7 95-108. 

Ross HLB. 1996. The interaction of chemical mixtures and their implications on water quality guidelines. Sydney (Australia) University of Technology. 

CCME] Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. 1991. Appendix IX. A protocol for the derivation of water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life (April 1991). In Canadian water quality guidelines, Canadian Council of Resource and Environment Ministers, 1987. Prepared for the Taskforce on Water Quality Guidelines. [Updated and reprinted with minor revisions and editorial changes in Canadian environmental quality guidelines, Chapter 4, Winnipeg (Manitoba). 1999.] 10 p. 

CCME] Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. 2000. Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life Ammonia. In Canadian environmental quality guidelines, 1999. Winnipeg (Manitoba). 

Table 3.4 lists generally-accepted water quality guidelines to minimize fouling of RO membranes/... 

Suspended solids are typically measured using turbidity. Turbidity measures the light-scattering ability of particles in water. The water quality guidelines call for an influent turbidity of less than 1 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU), which also happens to be a warranty requirement of membrane manufacturers. Exceed 1 NTU and the membrane warranty is voided. The lower the turbidity, the less likely the membranes are to foul with suspended solids. RO best practices call for feed water turbidity less than 0.5 NTU. 

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