Volatility gaseous effluents

The PRH hydrolysate is discharged to a stirred tank, where the hydrolysis of agent is completed. Air is drawn through the PRH to remove volatile materials, and the gaseous effluent is passed through a CATOX, scrubber, and carbon filters prior to release to the plant s HVAC system. The solids, consisting of the washed munitions parts, go into the HDC that treats metal parts from the projectile agent removal system (Step 16), where they are decontaminated to a 5X level. 

The TGA apparatus becomes very hot and caution should be exercised while using it. In order to safely handle volatile materials or polymer decomposition products which may be irritating and harmful, it is suggested that a gas bubbler be constructed to scrub the gaseous effluent from the instrument (Fig. 15.5). Care must be taken to prevent excessive gas pressure from building up if the system is being operated under vacuum or with gases, both inert and flammable. Consult the instrument operations manual for any special safety instructions. 

Extractive Distillation. In extractive distillation a fraction comprising compounds of similar volatility is vaporized and passed countercurrent to a liquid solvent stream in a packed or bubble cap tower. The operating conditions of temperature and pressure are regulated so that one or more of the components of the mixture are dissolved in the entrainer and removed in a liquid phase extract, while the remaining vapor is taken overhead and condensed or discharged as gaseous effluent. 

The volatile organic components that are emitted in the gaseous effluent can be controlled by a variety of technologies including scrubbing techniques, granular-carbon adsorption and fume incineration. The specific technology is selected on a case-by-case basis. 

In this paper, the results are analysed for the two total functions, the total volatile matter production and the total energy production. The results related to each fraction of the gaseous effluents, condensable and non condensable phases, are presented in detail in [52]. 

Volatile elements such as B, C, Br, Cl, Si, P, O, I, and S can be determined in the gaseous effluent from a vapor phase chromatograph. These compo-... 

An essential method used in this work is quick ampoule sampling of volatiles.8-9 Small samples of the gaseous reactor effluent (e.g., 1 ml) are recovered in glass ampoules for later analysis. The capillary end of the evacuated ampoule is inserted into the product flow. The capillary tip is broken and the ampoule filled... 

The distillation of the effluents that leave primary fractionation in gaseous fonn first requires their condensation to the liquid phase. Given the high volatility of some com-... 

This study is on the development of high-purity isobutane production from isobutane-enriched stream by gaseous adsorption technology. Isobutane purification from Ci mixture, in which not only isobutane, but also n-butane and several kinds of Ct olefins in small or in trace are involved, is very difficult by a traditional distillation method because of their close relative volatilities between constituting components. The continuous layered 3-bed process in which was comprised of six steps as follows pressurization-1 by the cocurrent effluent gas from the other bed, pressurization-2 by isobutane (noduct, adsorption, cocurrent depressurization, countercurrent blowdown, and low pressure purge by isobutane product, was applied. From the experiment, isobutane product with over 99.9% purity and with the trace levels of olefin components could be obtained at ambient temperature. Silver impregnated cliq prefers to CMS for the removal of Ci olefins... 

Sublimation is the transfer of a substance from the solid to the gaseous state without formation of an intermediate liquid phase, usually at a relatively high vacuum. Major applications have been in the removal of a volatile component from an essentially nonvolatile one separation of sulfur from impurities, purification of benzoic acid, and freeze drying of foods, for example. The reverse process, desublimation (16), is also practiced, for example in the recovery of phthalic anhydride from reactor effluent. The most common application of sublimation in everyday life is the use of dry ice as a refrigerant for storing ice cream, vegetables and other perishables. The sublimed gas, unlike water, does not puddle and spoil the frozen materials. 

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