Virus proteases

Li XD, Sun L, Seth RB, Pineda G, Chen ZJ (2005) Hepatitis C virus protease NS3/4A cleaves mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein off the mitochondria to evade innate immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102 17717-17722... 

Steinkuhler C, Urbani A, Tomei L, Biasiol G, Sardana M, Bianchi E, Pessi A, De Francesco R (1996) Activity of purified hepatitis C virus protease NS3 on peptide substrates. J Virol 70 6694-6700... 

Fitzsimmons, M. E., Collins, J. M., Selective biotransformation of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor saquinavir by human small-intestinal cytochrome P4503A4 potential contribution to high first-pass metabolism, Drug. Metab. Dispos. 1997, 25, 256-266. 

Crixivan inhibits an enzyme called HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) protease. 

Leonard, S., Van Schepdael, A., Ivanyi, T., Lazar, L, Rosier, J., Vanstockem, M., Vermeersch, H., and Hoogmartens, J. (2005). Development of a capillary electrophoretic method for the separation of diastereoisomers of a new human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor. Electrophoresis 26, 627-632. 

Stols, L., Gu, M., Dieckman, L., Raffen, R., CoUart, F. R. and Donnelly, M. 1. (2002). Anew vector for high-throughput, ligation-independent cloning encoding a tobacco etch virus protease cleavage site. Protein Expr. Purif. 25, 8-15. 

Chiba M, Hensleigh M, Nishime JA, Balani SK, Lin JH. Role of C5dochrome P450 3A4 in human metabolism of MK-639, a potent human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos 1996 24(3) 307-314. 

Koudriakova T, latsimirskaia E, Utkin I, et al. Metabolism of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors indinavir and ritonavir by human intestinal microsomes and expressed cytochrome P4503A4/3A5 mechanism-based inactivation of cytochrome P4503A by ritonavir. Drug Metab Dispos 1998 26(6) 552-561. 

Reich SH, Melnick M, Davies JF, Appelt K, Lewis KK, Fuhry MA, Pino M, Trippe AJ, Nguyen D, Dawson H, Wu B-W, Musick L, Kosa M, Kahil D, Webber S, Gehlhaar DK, Andrada D, Shetty B. Protein structure-based design of potent, orally bioavailable, nonpeptide inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus protease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1995 92 3298-3302. 

Hsu A, Plattner JJ, Leonard JM, Norbeck DW. ABT-538 is a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus protease and has high oral availability in humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1995 92 2484-2488. 

This procedure was later modified by the application of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine as a catalyst in combination with Fmoc amino acid anhydrides in the course of the solid-phase syntheses of several depsipeptide substrates of human hepatitis C virus protease. Thus, Bianchi et al. 1111 synthesized the 13-membered depsipeptide Ac-Asp-Glu-Met-Glu-Glu-... 

Scheme 13 Fluorogenic Depsipeptide Substrates of Human Hepatitis C Virus Protease...

Furfine, E. S., Baker, C. T., Hale, M. R., Reynolds, D. J., Salisbury, J. A., Searle, A. D., Studenberg, S. D., Todd, D., Tung, R. D., and Spaltenstein, A. (2004). Preclinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of GW433908, a water-soluble prodrug of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor amprenavir. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48 791-798. 

MM Falk, PR Grigera, IE Bergmann, A Zibert, G Multhaup, E Beck. Foot and mouth disease virus protease 3C induces specific proteolytic cleavage of host cell histone H3. J Virol 64 748-756, 1990. 

Since the discovery of cis-1 -amino-2-indanol as a ligand for human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and the development of a practical industrial process for the synthesis of either ris-isomers in enantiopure form, the remarkable properties of the rigid indane platform have been used extensively in an ever-increasing number of asymmetric methodologies. In addition to the use of this amino alcohol as a chiral auxiliary and ligand for asymmetric synthesis, it has found application as a useful resolution agent. Applications include amines, carboxylic acids, and alcohols. 

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