Virtual instrument creating

Figure 57.3 illustrates a virtual instrument that interactively accesses institutional and department specific indicators and profiles them for comparison. Data sets can be acquired directly from standard spreadsheet and database applications (i.e., Microsoft Access , Excel , Sybase , Oracle , etc.). This capability has proven to be quite valuable with respect to quickly accessing and viewing large sets of data. Typically, multiple data sets contained within a spreadsheet or database had to be selected and then a new chart of these data had to be created. Using PIVIT, the user simply selects the desired parameter from any one of the pull-down menus and this data set is instantly graphed and compared to any other data set. 

The virtual instrument shown in Figure 57.7 has been designed to easily acquire and compile performance information with respect to institution-wide competencies. It has been created to allow every member of a team or department to participate in the evaluation of a co-worker (360 peer review). Upon... 

This chapter demonstrated that microchip electrophoresis reached maturity and is appropriate for analysis of nitrated explosives. However, to create easy-to-operate field portable instruments for pre-blast explosive analysis would require incorporation of world-to-chip interface, which would be able to continuously sample from the environment. Significant progress towards this goal was made and integrated on-chip devices which allow microfluidic chips to sample from virtually any liquid reservoir were demonstrated [25,31]. 

Virtually all modern flame AAS (FAAS) instruments make use of a pre-mix nebuliser in combination with a laminar burner design. A typical design is presented in Figure 5. The flows of gaseous fuel and oxidant gases into the nebuliser create a Venturi effect across the exit of a capillary tube. As a result, liquid sample is aspirated through the capillary (at rates of 2 to 6 mL/min) and exits into the nebuhser chamber as an aerosol (with a rather wide range of droplet sizes). An impact bead or a flow spoiler is typically used to further smash up the droplets and to increase turbulence of the flow... 

The Centripeter impactor uses virtual collection surfaces [35]. The construction of this instrument is illustrated in Figure 5.15 [36]. In this device the aerosol stream is forced to turn sharply at the orifice entrance. The centrifugal action created by this sharp diversion is greater than that in a normal jet impactor of comparable orifice di-... 

The art of sound synthesis is as important for the electronic musician as the art of orchestration is for composers of symphonic music. Both arts deal with creating sonorities for musical composition. The main difference between them is that the former may also involve the creation of the instruments themselves. Those who desire to make their own virtual orchestra of electronic instruments and produce new original sounds will find this book very useful. It examines the functioning of a variety of synthesis techniques and illustrates how to turn a personal computer into a powerful and flexible sound synthesiser. The book also discusses a number of ongoing developments that may play an important role in the future of electronic music making, including the use of artificial intelligence techniques in synthesis software and parallel computers. 

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