Vinyon fibers

Vinyon fiber n. A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% by weight of vinyl chloride units (FTC definition). 

Vinyon is defined as a fiber in which at least 85% of the polymerized monomer units are vinyl chloride. Vinyon fibers have high chemical and water resistance, do not bum, but do melt at relatively low temperatures and dissolve readily in many organic solvents, thereby limiting their application. 

Vinyon fibers have a strength of 1-3 g/d (9-27 g/tex) in both the wet and dry states elongations at break vary between 10% and 125% At low elongations vinyon fibers recover completely from deformation. Vinyon fibers are soft and exhibit good recovery from bending deformation. The fiber has moderate density, with a specific gravity of 1.33-1.40. Vinyon... 

Vinyon fiber is chemically inert and possesses chemical properties similar to polyolefin fiber. Vinyon is only slowly attacked by ultraviolet rays in sunl ight. Vinyon fiber melts with decomposition at 135°-1 SOX, with vinyon containing comonomer having a lower melting/decomposition temperature. 

Fiber or Fibre is any tough substance composed of threadlike tissue, especially when capable of being spun or woven. Fibers may be divided into animal (wool or silk), vegetable (cotton, hemp, flax, ramie, esparto, jute, sisal etc), mineral (asbestos, glass fiber) and artificial (Rayon, Nylon, Orion, Vinyon, Saran etc)... 

In another line of research, scientists began to look for synthetic materials from which artificial blood vessels could he manufactured. Some of the earliest materials to be tried were synthetic fibers, such as nylon, vinyon (a polymer consisting primarily of vinyl chloride), and ivalon (a polymer of vinyl alcohol). These materials were largely unsuccessful because they tended to lose their strength too quickly after implantation. 

The percentages show the share of each fiber in the specified end use each year. b Includes acrylic, anidex, modacrylic, nylon, olefin, polyester, saran, Spandex, TFE-fluorocarbon and vinyon. 

Yarn and monofilament only staple plus tow included under other. c Does not include fiber produced for cigarette filtration purposes. d Includes saran and Spandex yarn also, olefin and vinyon staple and tow. 

The first successful one consisted of 90 percent vinyl chloride copolymerized with 10 percent vinyl acetate. It was dry-spun from acetone and given the trade name Vinyon by its producer, Union Carbide Corporation. (In 1960, vinyon was accepted as a generic name for fibers containing not less than 85 percent vinyl chloride.) It has never been produced in large volume it is used for heat-sealable compositions. 

The modacrylic fibers, like vinyon and unlike the acrylic fibers, have not become general purpose fibers. They can be dyed... 

The progress of PVC fiber production was brought about by the chemical modification of PVC so that it became soluble in common solvents. In the United States, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, which was soluble in acetone, was synthesized, and the PVC fiber Vinyon was produced in 1935. 

Filter cloth Any cloth used for filtering purposed. Nylon, polyester, vinyon, FBI, and glass fibers are often used in such fabrics because they are not affected by most chemicals. 

Modacrylic fibers (defined in the United States as those with 35-85% by weight acrylonitrile units) can be dissolved by more conventional solvents, such as acetone, and so were earlier on the market. Union Carbide introduced the first flame-resistant modacrylic fiber in 1948 imder the trade names Vinyon N and Dynel. Vinyon N was a continuous filament yarn Dynel was the staple form. Both were based on 60% vinyl chloride - 40% acrylonitrile copolymer. 

Vinyl fibers are those man-made fibers spun from polymers or copolymers of substituted vinyl monomers and include vinyon, vinal, vinyon-vinal matrix (polychlal), saran, and polytetrafluoroethylene fibers. Acrylic, modacrylic and polyolefin—considered in Chapters 8 and 9—are also formed from vinyl monomers, but because of their wide usage and particular properties they are usually considered as separate classes of fibers. The vinyl fibers are generally specialty fibers due to their unique properties and uses. AH of these fibers have a polyethylene hydrocarbon backbone with substituted functional groups that determine the basic physical and chemical properties of the fiber. 

The polymer is precipitated and isolated by spray drying and then dissolved in acetone the polymer solution is dry spun to form the fiber. Comonomers such as vinyl. acetate are added to reduce the crystallinity of the drawn fiber and to increase the amorphous areas within the fiber. Weak hydrogen bonding between chlorine and hydrogen on adjacent vinyon chains would be expected with tight packing of the molecular chains in the absence of comonomer. The fibers are spun in nearly roimd or dog-bone cross section (Figure 10-1). 

In response to the need for a fiber of low flaimnabil ity (LOI of 31) and low toxic gas formation on burning, Kohjin company developed and marketed a vinyon-vinyl (50 50) matrix (polychlal) fiber under the trade names Cordela and Cordelan. The fiber is believed to be formed through grafting of vinyl chloride to polyvinyl alcohol followed by mixing of the resultant copolymer with additional polyvinyl alcohol. The polymer mixture is wet spun, oriented, and crosslinked with aldehydes. The fiber has a kidney-shaped cross section, and no outer skin is evident. The fiber is... 

The vinyl fibers, with the exception of vinal and vinyon-vinal matrix fibers, are extremely hydrophobic and difficult to dye, and consequently they can be dyed only through pigmentation of the polymer melt before fiber formation or through dyeing with disperse dyes. Vinal and vinyon-vinal matrix fibers dye readily with dyes used on cellulosics including direct, mordant, reactive, vat, and sulfur dyes. 

Vinyl fibers except for vinal and vinal-vinyon do not generally undergo specialized finishing, although antioxidants and antistatic agents may be used. Vinal and vinal-vinyon matrix fibers can be treated with urea-aldehyde based durable press finishes to improve their wrinkle recovery, and vinal can be made flame retardant with phosphorus-containing finishes used for cellulosics. 

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