Viaducts

On the other hand, the Hoar Committee s estimate for the UK did not include some significant factors, and some costs that were considered have increased in real terms since the estimates were made. Larger plants and structures are more common, and even when there is no increase in size more intensive use of equipment is demanded. As a result, the real cost of downtime or unavailability, and of dislocation to users of, for example, motorway viaducts while repairs are made, have increased appreciably. Moreover, maintenance and rectification are labour intensive activities, and hence particularly susceptible to the effects of inflation. The increases probably outweigh the savings mentioned, and the current cost of corrosion in the UK is probably around 4% of GNP. As future savings depend on the improvement being maintained despite pressures to reduce first costs, a sound economic approach to corrosion is no less important than it was in 1970. 

Smith S. G.B. Patent No. 337,091 Aug. 8, 1929 Assigned to Wellcome Foundation Limited (a British Company) of 67 Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C.l, England... 

Piers, viaducts for technological equipment into chemical industry buildings... 

Conditions of contact with seawater and subsequent drying, as in the splash zone of marine structures or those found on the concrete slabs of viaducts where de-icing salts are used, are very aggressive. 

Portland cement is also associated with transportation infrastructure construction. In addition to its use in pavements, Portland cement concrete is a common construction material for bridges, tunnels and viaducts in our transportation systems. Portland cement is also used in grouting, pipe bedding, and sou stabilization. As with asphalt concrete, the wide range of uses has led to a proliferation of admixtures. These admixtmes are used to improve... 

Abstract. Modem infrastmctures such as viaducts, bullet train (Shinkansen) elevated tracks, and subway facilities in addition to houses and buildings were greatly damaged at the Hyogo-Ken Nanbu Earthquake that hit heavily populated urban cities in 1995. As a learning lesson from this earthquake, seismic countermeasures for civil infrastmctures have been rapidly reviewed and implemented. 

Comparisons of corrosion rates before and after treatment have consistently showed significant reductions. In the Tees Viaduct field measurements of corrosion rates were in the range 0.33-1.66 with a mean of... 

Baldo, R, Mason, A., Tettamenti, M. and Reding, J. (1991). Cathodic Protection of Bridge Viaduct in the Presence of Prestressing Steel An Italian Case History, Paper 119, Corrosion 91, NACE International Houston, TX. 

Collapse of falsework for viaduct over River Lodden on 24th October, 1972, HMSO, London, 1973. 

Swift was also involved in the location, design and construction of the Huntley Irrigation system near Billings MT, and he also located the Hudson River Division of the Catskill Viaduct for the New York Board of Water Supply. His work took him further to Alaska, Greece, The Dominican Republic, and to Costa Rica. He was member of the American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE from 1910, becoming Life Member in 1938. 

Fig. 8.17. GRP cellular panel employed for Tees viaduct enclosure.

Barfoot, J. Steady progress on Cardiffs alternative tender viaduct. Concrete, 18, No. 4, April 1984, pp. 11-14. 

A structural analysis of the cross heads of the Tees Viaduct showed them to be adequate but with small safety margins particularly in shear It was therefore decided to be conservative. Chloride extraction maybe considered for the support columns, which are structurally adequate, but the cross heads will be replaced. 

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