Vapor modeling

The quantity of fuel in a cloud is calculated by use of release and (flash) vaporization models that have been extensively described by Hanna and Drivas (1987). To account for aerosol formation during vaporization, the flash fraction should be doubled up to, but not exceeding, a value of unity. Pool vaporization is also considered. 

Fig. 2.28 Schematic of three-zone vaporization model. Reprinted from Thome et al. (2004) with permission...

Water extracts of crops were concentrated on a Biichi Roto-vapor model R under minimum pressue from a water aspirator ... 

I. Gokalp, C. Chauveau, C. Morin, B. Vieille, and M. Birouk. Improving droplet breakup and vaporization models by including high pressure and turbulence effects. Atomization and Sprays, 10 475-510, 2000. 

Figure 7, Configuration of the fiat-plate vaporization model...

Fegley B., Jr. and Cameron A. G. W. (1987) A vaporization model for iron/sihcate fractionation in the Mercury protoplanet. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 82, 207—222. 

The L vov sublimation model. The applications (outlined in Sections 2.4.5. and 2.4.6.) of the Hertz-Knudsen-Langmuir vaporization model to decompositions by L vov et al. [94] are based on the assumption that decomposition involves an initial sublimation step, followed by condensation of the less volatile products. Because sublimation is an endothermic process, the condensation process would need to make a significant energetic contribution for the decomposition to be exothermic overall. 

The common CDV decomposition mechanism for different substances and some well-forgotten or unclaimed ideas (Langmuir vaporization models and third-law method), underlying this approach, appeared to be the necessary and mutually supplementing elements. Without any of them it would be impossible to develop a sufficiently rigorous and consistent theory. The essence of these three aspects of the approach is expressed in a simplified form in Table 17.3. 

B. Abramzon and Sirignano. Droplet vaporization model for spray combustion calculations. International Journal of Heat and Mass Tranter, 32(9) 1605-1618,1989. 

M. Renksizbulut, M. Bussmann, and X. Li. A droplet vaporization model for spray calculations. Particle Particle Systems Characterization, 9 59-65, 1992. 

A prerequisite for applying estimation techniques is the knowledge of the compound s boiling point (r, ) and for solids also of the melting point The methods described by Grain (1990), Lyman (1985) and Altschuh, Briiggemann and Karcher (1993) are of general applicability and they are not restricted to particular chemical classes. In Table 4.4, model 1 is derived from the Antoine equation, which describes the temperature dependence of vapour pressure model 2 is based on the Watson correlation, which describes the temperature dependence of the heat of vaporization model 3 constitutes an extension of 2. These three models additionally use a class-specific constant (Kp) as input, which is assumed to describe the polarity of the compounds (Table 4.5). 

We shall consider an equilibrium liquid-vapor model. In the domain p equations of state are found... 

Figure 7-19. Paralinear kinetics for SiC oxidized in water vapor. Model results typical of exposures al I200°C in 50% H2O/50% Oj at flow rates of 4.4 cm s. a) oxide growth and matrix recession b) weight change. (Adapted from Opila and Hann, 1997.)...

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