Vapor badges

A New Passive Organic Vapor Badge with Backup Capability... 

Air (ambient) Collect on charcoal (vapor badge or tube) desorb with carbon disulfide GC/FID 0.3 ppb (estimated) NR Fung and Wright 1986... 

Fung KK, Wright BJ. 1986. Monitoring of benzene in ambient air with organic vapor badges. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 36 819-821. 

Health and Safety. Remover formulas that are nonflammable may be used in any area that provides adequate ventilation. Most manufacturers recommend a use environment of 50—100 parts per million (ppm) time weighted average (TWA). The environment can be monitored with passive detection badges or by active air sampling and charcoal absorption tube analysis. The vapor of methylene chloride produces hydrogen chloride and phosgene gas when burned. Methylene chloride-type removers should not be used in the presence of an open flame or other heat sources such as kerosene heaters (8). 

Beeause the diisoeyanate is used in exeess, there is usually free monomer present. Isoeyanates are hazardous materials particularly upon inhalation and skin contact. Chronic exposure ean lead to sensitization. The adhesives must therefore be used with proper ventilation and should not come in eontact with the skin in the unreaeted state. Vapor monitoring badges for employees and periodie real time vapor monitoring around process equipment is reeommended. 

Passive diffusion sorbent badges are useful for screening and monitoring certain chemical exposures, especially vapors and gases. 

The charcoal tubes were broken open and the charcoal transferred into a stoppered glass test tube. One milliliter of carbon disulfide was pipetted into each tube, and 1.5 ml of carbon disulfide was pipetted into each 3M vapor monitor badge. After 30 minutes, aliquots of carbon disulfide were injected into the gas chromatograph and compared versus hydrocarbon standards prepared in carbon disulfide. The total areas of the sample and standard peaks were measured by the data system. 

Abcor "Gasbadge" organic vapor samplers and 3M 3500 Organic Vapor Monitors were purchased for use in this study. Abcor badges were loaded prior to each field trip in an office environment. Standard SKC charcoal tubes (100 mg collection section with 50 mg backup) were used, with DuPont P-200 pumps calibrated prior to each survey. 

The badge sampling rate is a direct function of the diffusion coefficient (D) of the organic vapor(s) being sampled and the total cross-sectional area (A) of the badge cavities. The rate is an inverse function of the diffusion path or length (L) of the cavities. 

To date, laboratory sampling tests for acetone, methyl-chloroform, trichloroethylene and toluene have confirmed the Pro- G-BB Organic Vapor Air Monitoring Badge s ability to ... 

Organic vapors hydrocarbon chemical reaction tubes Organic vapors charcoal badges... 

Mannino DM, Schreiber J, Aldous K, et al. 1995. Human exposure to volatile organic compounds a comparison of organic vapor monitoring badge levels with blood levels. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 67 59-64. 

Then, an aliquot (4 ul) of the eluent is removed by syringe and injected into the GC-HS analyzer. The mass of organic vapor adsorbed by the badge is determined by comparison to injection of known standards taking into consideration the background values for CCl. ... 

Determination for 8-hour time weighted averages (TWAs) evidenced a range from nondetected to 1.88 ppm based on 379 vapor monitor badges. Sensitivity ranged from. 01 to. 09 Ppm. The highest reading... 

The most relevant method for detection of when the mass transfer zone has reached the bottom of the bed is to analyze the exhaust vapor for concentration of the solvent in air. How this is done depends upon the chemical character of the solvent. In some cases it may be done at modest cost with human labor by using personal monitoring badges as disposable direct-reading dosimeters. In many other cases, a sample is taken into a gas bag and analyzed with a gas chromatograph. 

Passive diffnsion of accelerant vapors onto an adsorbent placed inside the container of fire debris has gained wide acceptance in the United States because it is nonlaborious and takes little time to perform. Dietz (182) has reported a procedure that uses activated carbon-coated Teflon strips, similar to devices used in enviromnental monitoring badges, to recover as little as 0.2 tiL of an equal mixture of gasoline, kerosene, and diesel fuel. Neuman (183) reported on the optimized method as well as the effects of time, temperature, strip size and sample concentration. The most recent recommended procedure heats the samples at approximately 60-80°C for 8-24 hs (184). The optimum adsorption time for maximum sensitivity will depend on the adsorption package, the sample itself, and the temperatures. The accelerants are desorbed with carbon disulfide, which can be concentrated to improve sensitivity and shows little response, but may cause a pressure disturbance to the FID. Another advantage to this technique is the fact that multiple analyses may be performed from one sample. The carbon strip can be easily cut into smaller pieces, placed into vials, and frozen for later analysis. 

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