Vaccine technology peptide vaccines

Immune system response, antimicrobial peptides and, 18 255-256 Immunity, transgenic animals with, 12 464 Immunizations, 25 486. See also Vaccine technology... 

Advances in genomics, molecular biology, and recombinant technology have provided new directions for the discovery, development, and manufacture of vaccines. One of the current approaches is a minimalist strategy to decouple the virulence and immunity functions. The aim is to use only the immunity part to confer protection, so that the vaccine is safe to be administered. The approach can be divided into subunit, vector-based, DNA, and peptide vaccines. 

Recombinant protein/ peptide vaccines US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) points to consider in the production and testing of new drugs and biologies produced by recombinant DNA technology 1985... 

Olive C, Toth I, Jackson D (2001) Technological advances in antigen delivery and synthetic peptide vaccine development strategies. Mini Rev Med Chem 1 429438. 

Because synthetic peptides are routinely assembled as short monomers representing individual epitopes, they may lack immunogenic activity either because they do not contain appropriate helper T-cell epitopes or conformational integrity is lacking in the B-cell epitope in addition they may be rapidly metabolised before having a chance to initiate an immune response. In many cases one or more of these factors contribute to the poor immunogenicity often observed with synthetic peptides. The rest of this chapter will address some of the recent improvements in peptide vaccine technology that have been used to advance the development of synthetic peptide-bas ed vaccines. 

A. Saul and H. Geysen, iu G. Woodrow and M. Leviue, eds.. Identification of Epitopes through Peptide Technology in New Generation Vaccines, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1990. 

Carbohydrate structures can also act as a scaffold for dendrimer formation. The polysubstituted sugar 23 (Fig. 5) has been synthesized and shown that it can act as a scaffold onto which peptide sequences can be assembled to form another novel vaccine system (15). The development of this carbohydrate scaffold technology and its application to vaccine and gene delivery is under way. The synthesis of 23 is complex a complete account of the procedures can be found in ref. 15. 

Olive, C., Batzloff, M., Horvath, A., et al. (2003) Potential of lipid core peptide technology as a novel self-adjuvanting vaccine delivery system for multiple different synthetic peptide immunogens. Infection and Immunity 71, 2373-2383. 

Dreesman, G.R., Sparrow, J.T., Frenchick, P.J., and Kennedy, R.C. (1985). Cyclic synthetic peptides and immune response to hepatitis B virus. In High-technology Route to Virus Vaccines. G.R.Dreesman, J.G.Bronson, and R.C.Kennedy, eds. (Washington, DC American Society of Microbiology), pp. 55 66. 

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