Utility Steam Generators

Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators for Which Construction Commenced after August 17, 1971 Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for Which Construction Commenced after September 18, 1978... 

It is these differences in in-house boiler plant facility resources and the perceived need to obtain technical support from an external source that led me to consider grouping boiler plant systems in a slightly different way than is typically perceived, which in turn provided a focus for this book. Thus, although commercial, industrial, and utility steam generators can be classified in several different ways (such as by pressure, output, fundamental design type, etc.), their owners and operators can be classified as members of one or other of only two groups. 

Subpart Da Electric Utility Steam Generating Units Constructed After 9/18/78... 

Plant utility steam generators. Steam generation throughout the industry... 

Utility Steam Generating Units," Environmental Protection Agency. Federal Register, Vol. 44, No. 113, June 11, 1979. 

We will be managing the 20 MW MHD combustor competitive prototype projects that are currently under way. One of these three contractors will be selected to develop and produce the combustor for a 50 MW MHD component development and integration facility scheduled for operation in Montana in FY 82. We will also be managing two coal/oil mixture demonstration projects. One will involve a utility steam generator and one is a blast-furnace operation. 

Federal New Source Performance Standards for control of SO2 from power plants are applicable to electric utility steam-generating units that are capable of firing more than 73 MW (250 million Btw h l heat input of fossil fuel and for which construction or modification was commenced after September 18,1978. This regulation was proposed in the Federal Register, Vol. 43. No. 182, TUesday, Sept. 19,1978. The 520 ng/J limit applies to solid fuels. The notation MWe should be read as megawatts of electricity. 

This strategy not only uses the limited low sulfur fuels available to better advantage in achieving ambient air quality, but it also reduces the demand for effluent desulfurization technology from the 20,000 units and 150,000 MW indicated by the roll-back strategy to about 200 utility steam generators with a total capacity of 45,000 MW. This capacity is essentially all coal fired. 

In 1997, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued two reports on Hg and its effects on public health to the U.S. Congress. The first of these reports, the Mercury Study Report to Congress (EPA 1997a,b,c), assessed the source and amount of Hg emissions in the United States, the detrimental effects of Hg on humans and wildlife, and the feasibility of control technologies. The second report, the Study of Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from Electric Utility Steam Generating Units. Final Report to Congress (EPA 1998), looked specifically at emissions from utility companies and cited Hg as a major contaminant. 

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1998. Study of Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from Electric Utility Steam Generating Units. Einal Report to Congress. EPA-453/ R-98-004a,-b. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and Office of Research and Development. 

Other areas of radiative transfer have been driven by increased capability of analysis due to the great strides in computer capability. Just a few years ago, two-dimensional problems of radiative transfer in enclosures with a participating medium were at the edge of computational capability. Now, these are routine, and many three-dimensional cases have been analyzed. Because of the need in applications such as utility steam generator design to analyze three-dimensional geometries with up to tens of thousands of surface and volume computational elements, much research is now focused on further increases in computational speed. Massively parallel computers may well provide the required computational capability for such problems. 

G. Navitsky and F. Gabrielli, Boiler water treatment, feedwater treatment, and chemical cleaning of drum-type utility steam generators. Combustion 52(2), 19 (1980). 

Electric utility steam generators with construction commencing after September 18,1978... 

Table 10-4a NSPS for Electric Utility Steam Generating Units Greater than 250 x 10 Btu/h (Current as of August 1995) ...

U.S.C. I 7412(b),(c),(e) Environmental Protection Agency, Regulatory Finding on Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from Electric Utility Steam-Generating Units, 65 Fed. Reg. 79,825 (2000) Environmental Protection Agency, Mercury Study Report to Congress (1997). 

Environmental Protection Agency, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, From Coal- and Oil-Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units and Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Electric Utility, Industrial-Commercial-Institutional, and Small Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generatirtg Units, 76 Fed. Reg. 23,399 (2011) EPA Finalizes Rule to Reduce Mercury, Air Toxics Emissions From Power Plants, 42 BNA Env. Rept. 2877 (2011) Amy Harder, Mercurial, National Journal, September 17, 2011, at 54 (Obama Speech). 

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