Steam Utilization

The HP, IP, and LP turbines may be either singleflow or double-flow designs, depending upon the volume of steam utilized. In a single-flow turbine, the total volume of steam enters at one end and exliausts at the other end. The double flow is designed so the steam enters at the center and divides. Half flows in one direction, and half in the other direction into exhausts at each end of the turbine. 

Steam Utilization Table 22.8 Selecting steam traps... 

Steam Utilization Steam Tables (metric SI units)... 

Steam Utilization. Less steam is used in the RMProcess than is required for conventional shift conversion even though in other methanation processes as little as one-half of the total syngas is processed through shift conversion in order to achieve a near-stoichiometric balance of hydrogen and carbon monoxide for methanation. 

Where propulsion is provided by diesel or gas turbine, it is common to use an auxiliary boiler in conjunction with a waste heat/heat recovery boiler (WH/HR boiler). The steam-HW mixture, produced by passing the exhaust engine gases over the HR boiler tubes, is piped to the auxiliary boiler steam drum and then mixes with auxiliary BW. All steam utilized by the ship is taken from the auxiliary boiler. 

Kelp bass, Paralabraxclathratus-, California Los Angeles site near effluent discharge of steam utility plant vs. Catalina Island (reference site)... 

In order to minimize the tendency of coke formation within the column, steam is utilized. Steam utilization also helps to reduce the absolute pressure of the system to 10 mmHg or less and can help stabilize the desired unit vacuum levels. By operating at low vacuum pressures, the product yield will increase and the operating costs will typically be reduced. 

Assets used in electric, gas, water, and steam utility services Electric utility nuclear production plant 16 20 24 3... 

The reaction is highly exothermic and the heat of reaction is generally used to make high-pressure steam, utilized downstream in separation and purificahon operations. The main useful by-products from the process are HCN (about 0.1kg per kg of acrylonitrile), which is used primarily in the manufacture of methyl methacrylate, and acetonitrile (about 0.03 kg per kg of acrylonitrile), a common industrial solvent. Smaller quantities of carbon oxides and nitrogen (from ammonia combushon) are also obtained. Unreacted ammonia in the reactor effluent is neutralized with sulfuric acid. The resulting ammonium sulfate can be recovered for use as a fertilizer. 

The industrially most important and currently cheapest hydrogen production process is the catalytic steam reforming process in which steam is reacted with natural gas (methane) or light crude oil fractions (propane, butane, naphtha with b.p. s < 200°C). The hydrogen produced comes partly from the steam utilized and partly from the hydrocarbons, in the case of methane 1/3 from water and 2/3 from the methane ... 

---