Use trends

Rate of change is the most often used trend analysis. Since most of the microprocessor-based systems provide the ability to automatically display broadband and narrowband data trends, analysts tend to rely on this means of comparative analysis. 

EPA. 1992b. U.S Pesticide Use Trends 1966-1989. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. Quality of the Environment Division. 

Another important change started in the mid-1990s. Traditionally, a QSAR determined at a pharmaceutical company might have involved only 5-30 compounds. The size depended on how many compounds the medicinal chemist had synthesized and submitted to testing by the biologists. Sometimes this size data set sufficed to reveal useful trends. Other times, though, the... 

Certainly, calculation of the metabolic quotient can reveal trends very different from those of basal respiration. As shown in Fig. 1, for the 7 land uses, trends in basal respiration were broadly similar to those for microbial biomass C and organic C. However, when the metabolic quotient was calculated, trends with land use were very different. Values were greater under sugarcane, maize and to a lesser extent annual ryegrass, than the other treatments. This suggests that the microbial community under these arable land uses is under more stress and/or has a different composition to that under the others. The most likely microbial stress under these land uses is likely to be a shortage of available substrate C. 

UNODC s estimate of the global level of cocaine use increased slightly to 14 million persons or 0.3 per cent of the global population. Continued increases in South America, Africa and Europe were partially offset by decreases reported from North America. UNODC also compiles data based on use trends as perceived by experts. Results from these data are not always identical... 

Fig. 58 Cocaine use trends as perceived by experts changes in regions, 1992-2005 (baseline 1992=100)...

The general rise in the cannabis trend indicator was due to increasing cannabis use perceived by the authorities in most of Africa, several parts of Asia (South-Asia, South-West Asia and Central Asia) and most of South America. This more than offset declines perceived in North America and some European countries, as well as the stabilization or declines perceived in several countries of East and South-East Asia. Trend data for Oceania suggest stabilization at lower levels, after cannabis use had fallen for several years, though there are some indications that the downward trend in the region actually continued. Cannabis use trends in Europe showed a mixed picture, with increases perceived in East and South-East Europe and stabilization or decline reported from several West European countries. 

UNODC s Annual Reports Questionnaire. Points allocated for trend data strong increase 2 some increase 1 stable 0 some decline -1 strong decline -2. Reported drug use trends were weighted by the proportion of amphetamines users in a country expressed as a per centage of global amphetamine use. If all countries had reported some increase , the global trend line would have increased by one point each year and would have reached 113 by 200. ... 

The Australian Ecstasy and Related Drugs reporting system (ERDS), which is based on interviews with regular ecstasy users, seems to confirm these results. The proportion of regular ecstasy users consuming more than a tablet per event declined in 2006 in New South Wales (from 84 per cent in 2004 to 70 per cent in 2006) and in Queensland (from 76 per cent in 2005 to 63 per cent in 2006), the two main ecstasy markets of the country. In Western Australia, South Australia, Northern Territory and Tasmania the opposite trends were observed. Therefore, in 2006, ecstasy use trends, among regular ecstasy users, appear to have stabilized for Australia on the whole. The median number of days ecstasy... 

Number of countries territories reporting drug use trends to UNODC... 

Regional distribution of reports received on drug use trends for the years 2002-2005... 

It should also be noted that the Drug Use Trend as perceived by experts is limited in that it only provides general directions with regard to the main drug types reported by Member States, inevitably leading to very broad generalization. Thus, there remains a need for more drug-specific trend analysis to support the conclusions. 

Hemphill, A., Stettler, M., Walker, M., Siles-Lucas, M., Fink, R. and Cottstein, B. (2002) Culture of Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes an alternative to animal use. Trends in Parasitology 1 8, 445-451. 

Kaufman SC, Gross TP, Kennedy DL. Thyroid hormone use trends in the United States from 1960 through 1988. Thyroid 1991 1 285-91. 

The MTF survey is funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Since 1975, it has tracked illicit drug use trends and attitudes of 8th, 10th, and 12th grade students. These surveys ask students about lifetime use, past year use, past month use, and daily use of drugs, alcohol, cigarettes, and smokeless tobacco. Marijuana-specific data are broken out in the survey. 

Table 13.7 Atrazine use trends in the United States since 1996 by application type3...

Li, Y.F., Cai, D.J., Singh, A., 1998. Technical hexachlorocyclohexane use trends in China and their impact on the environment. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 35, 688-697. 

To review reports about medication use trends including Medicare Part D ... 

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