Use as packaging material

Compared with more common plastics used as packaging materials, the compound does have some disadvantages, such as a high water vapour permeability and limited heat resistance, losing dimensional stability at about 70°C. It is also substantially more expensive than the high-tonnage polyolefins. Last but not least its biodegradability means that it must be used in applications that will have completed their function within a few months of the manufacture of the polymer compound. 

It is likely that excellent gas barrier properties exhibited by nanocomposite polymer systems will result in their substantial use as packaging materials in fumre years. 

Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) is the main substrate for the manufacture of polymers used as packaging materials for food. Since VCM is considered by lARC to be a human carcinogen, monomer levels in PVC food packaging materials are strictly controlled. To ensure a safe product, the residual content of VCM in the finished material or article is limited to one mg per kg in the final product (Council Directive 78/142/EEC). Furthermore, VCM should not be detectable in foodstuflfs. Commission Directives 80/766/EEC and 81/432/ EEC give the method of analysis for official control of the VCM level in food packaging materials and in foods - gas-phase chromatography using the headspace method, after dissolution or suspension of samples in N,N-dimethylacetamide. Both residual monomer content of the polymer and... 

In the case of multi-layered films commonly used as packaging material, we can calculate the permeation coefficient PC for the composite membrane using... 

Some examples of plastic additives and parenteral drug administration devices used as packaging materials for sterile products can be seen in Tables 1 and 2. 

In general, the use of rubbers for mainly processing applications means that the contact times with food are short (e.g. minutes) and the contact areas, apart from hose and belting, are small. This is in contrast to plastics which, when used as packaging materials, often have long contact times (e.g. weeks) and relatively large contact areas. 

Study of polymers used as packaging materials and film coatings... 

Miscellaneous. Phenolic foam has highly effective energy-absorption characteristics, and possible applications are now being studied. Low-density foams are also being studied for use as packaging materials. Meantime, when phenolic foam is carbonized at an elevated temperature under inert atmospheric conditions, cellular carbon can be produced. Cellular carbon may be used as a refractory insulating material. 

The term plastics is used instead of polymer to indicate a specific category of high molecular weight materials that can be shaped using a combination of heat, pressure, and time. All plastics are polymers, but not all polymers are plastics. In this text, we will discuss the major plastics that are useful as packaging materials. To a limited extent, we will discuss cellophane, which is a wood-based material that is a polymer, but not a plastic. We will also discuss adhesives, which are polymers and may or may not be plastics, but which are very useful in the fabrication of plastic and other types of packaging. 

PLA has been used as package materials and other products However, the physical properties of PLA such as brittleness limit the application of PLA. A way to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of PLA is the addition of fibers or nanofiller materials. 

Nowadays a large amount of synthetic polymers is used as packaging material, structural materials, as electric insulators [1-5]. The demand for synthetic polymers is rapidly increasing for portable electronic consumer devices. The most popular portable products are notebook computers, cellular and cordless phones, and camcorders. 

Improved biodegradable polymers that can be readily formed into sheets and films with strength and flexibility properties that are satisfactory for their use as packaging materials have been developed (6). 

Lampinen, J., Naettinen, K., and Aalto, S. (2009) inventors (Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus, Finland), assignee. Impact-resistant biodegradable compositions for use as packaging materials. WO Patent FI50142 2009103856, 2009 20090223. 

Blends of PE (selected fiom VLDPE and/or LLDPE), with 13-17 wt% ethylene-butene plastomer copolymer [Mitsui s TAFMER , p < 900 kg m , Tn, = 55-85 °C], and 35-50 wt% ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, EVAc, were used for film blowing, useful as packaging materials for foods. The film had shrink properties in MD and TD similar to those of EVAc film and plastic orientation properties similar to... 

Sisal fiber has very important contribution to meet the future challenges of environmental sustainability in the packaging market. This has further mass scope when it combined with bio-based polymers in developing composite materials to use as packaging materials in the future. The packaging materials for bags, boxes, crates, containers, which are now made of wood can be replaced by cost-effective sisal fiber reinforced composites [17]. The estimated demand for the package materials works out to 93 lakh tons. 

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