US Surgeon General

US Surgeon General first advised that women should not drink alcoholic beverages during pregnancy. 

Nitrilo triacetic acid (NTA) also represents a partial replacement of phosphate. However, the US Surgeon General issued a report stating that NTA caused birth defects in rats. The use of NTA was immediately phased out in the United States [4]. 

In 1970 the definition of normal blood lead was clarified when a statement on the medical aspects of childhood lead poisoning was published by the US Surgeon General. This document stated that excessive absorption of lead occurred above 40 ig Pb/lOOml blood as measured on two separate occasions, and that unequivocal cases of lead poisoning occurred above 80/tg Pb/lOOml. Any individual with such a blood lead was to be immediately hospitalized (HSMHA, 1971). These values were used as the criteria for all subsequent studies until the most recent recommendations by the Center for Disease Control were accepted in 1978. The blood lead values giving cause for concern were now reduced to 30/tg/100ml for elevated blood lead and two successive blood leads equal or greater than 70/tg/l(X)ml with or without symptoms (USCDC, 1978). Currently even these values are under discussion for further revision by the EPA in America, the EEC in Europe, and the WHO. 

US Dept. Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking Nicotine Addiction. A Report of the Surgeon General. DHSS Publ. No. (CDC) 88-8406. Washington, DC Govt. Print. Off., 1988. 

US Department of Health and Human Services (2001). Mental health culture, race, and ethnicity - a supplement to mental health a report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD US Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 

Surgeon General (1988). Nicotine Addiction. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. 

US Department of Health (1994). Preventing Tobacco Use among Young People (A report). Surgeon General, Atlanta, GA. 

Retired Colonel Stuart Baker, MD, former Psychiatry Consultant to the Surgeon General, and VA Chief of US Substance Abuse Programs... 

US Environmental Protection Agency EPA and Surgeon General Call for Radon Home Testing. Environmental News, September 12, 1988. Office of Public Affairs (A-107). [USEPA 1988]... 

The Surgeon General Smoking and Health. US Department of Health and Human Services, 1979. 

US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Smoking and Health Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service, U.S. Pubhc Health Service Pubhcation 1103, Washington DC, p. 1103. 

Sidell, F.R., Franz, D.R. (1997). Chapter 1. Overview defense against the effects of chemical and hiological warfare agents. In Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare (F.R. Sidell, E.T. Takafiiji, D.R. Franz, eds), pp. 1-7. Bordem Institute, Office of the Surgeon General, US Army Medical Department Center and Schoul, US Army Medical Research and Material Command, Uniformed Services University of the Health Science, Washington, Falls Church, Fort Sam Houston, Fort Detrick, Bethesda, USA. 

CDC, Community Water Fluoridation Surgeon General s Statement, 2001, Oral Health Resource—Fact Sheet, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services, www.cdc.gov/OralHealth/factsheets/fl-surgeon2001.htm, Aug. 7, 2002. 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (US DHHS) (1982). The health consequences of smoking Cancer. A report of the Surgeon General. US DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 82-50179, Washington... 

Sidell FR (1997). Riot control agents. In Textbook of Military Medicine. Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological warfare (FR Sidell, ET Takefuji and DR Frantz, eds), Chapter 12, pp. 307-324. Washington, DC, USA Office of the Surgeon General, US Army. TMM Publications, Borden Institute. 

C. Various systems of casualty and damage assessment have been developed. Such systems are rather involved and depend on many variables such as method and time of delivery, type of burst, size of weapon, weather and climatic conditions, wind direction and speed, fallout dose rate, etc. The gathering and compilation of such data are time consuming and may not be accomplished until many hours after the disaster. The US Army Office of the Surgeon General is developing a system of casualty estimation that will provide rapid and reasonably accurate estimates of the number and types of casualties produced by a given enemy nuclear attack. 

US Dept. HHS (1988) The Surgeon Generals Report on Nutrition and Health 3988, DHHS (PHS) Publ. No. 88-50210, pp. 219-221. US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC. 

---