Urethral syndrome

Acute urethral syndrome TMP-SMX 1 DS tablet Twice a day 3 days... 

Urethral syndrome, which affects 20-30% of adult women and may have one of several functional or psychogenic causes, has similar symptoms to cystitis caused by infection (lower urinary tract infection). 

Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a common finding, particnlarly among those 65 years of age and older, when there is significant bacteriuria (>10 bacteria/mL of urine) in the absence of symptoms. Symptomatic abacteriuria or acute urethral syndrome consists of symptoms of frequency and dysuria in the absence of significant bacteriuria. This syndrome is commonly associated with Chlamydia infections. 

Symptomatic abacteriuria or acute urethral syndrome represents a clinical syndrome in which females present with dysuria and pynria, but the urine culture reveals less than 10 bacteria/mL of urine. Acnte nrethral syndrome is estimated to account for more than half the complaints of dysuria seen in the community today. These women most... 

Unsinn KM, Neu N, Krejci A, Posch A, Menardi G, Gassner 1 (1995) Pallister-Hall syndrome and McKusick-Kaufmann syndrome one entity J Med Genet 32 125-128 Van Bogaert LJ (1992) Surgical repair of hypospadias in women with symptoms of urethral syndrome. J Urol 147 1263-1264... 

Infections of the urinary tract represent a wide variety of clinical syndromes, including urethritis, cystitis, prostatitis, and pyelonephritis. 

A 15-year-old boy with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome taking felbamate (3000 mg/day), topiramate(200 mg/ day), and lorazepam developed painful hematuria, bilateral urethral obstruction, and urinary retention. Kidney, bladder, and urethral stones were found. The stone material was identified as felbamate by chemical analysis. However, as the patient was also taking topir-amate the association with felbamate was uncertain. 

Infections of the urinary tract represent a wide variety of syndromes, including urethritis, cystitis, prostatitis, and pyelonephritis. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most commonly occurring bacterial infections and account for 8 rtulhon patient visits annually. Approximately one in three females wiU have had a urinary tract infection hy age 24." Infections in men occur much less frequently until the age of 65, at which point the incidence rates in men and women are similar. 

Oligoanuric acute renal failure has been described in patients on phenylbuta-zone ". A pathogenetic mechanism reponsible is the inhibition of the tubular reabsorption of uric acid, which results in hyperuricosuria, uric acid crystallization and, eventually, urethral obstruction. Another form of this syndrome, in which there is no evidence of hyperuricaemia, is felt to be an idiosyncratic reaction. The biopsy picture is consistent with acute tubular necrosis. ... 

Afsar H, Sozduyar N (1992) Urethral manipulation syndrome (Kelamy syndrome) acquired ventral penile deviation. Arch Ital Urol Nefrol Androl 64 349-351... 

Posterior urethral stenoses can be studied with voiding cystourethrography and voiding cystoure-throsonography and may be divided into vesical neck obstructive syndrome and post-prostatectomy stenosis. 

Diagnosis of Kelami syndrome is based on clinics and the history of iatrogenic urethral manipulation and confirmed by identification at ultrasonography of circumscribed fibrotic changes within the corpus spongiosum (Fig. 20.9). 

Horger DC, Wingo MS, Keane TE (2005) Partial segmental thrombosis of corpus cavernosum case report and review of world literature. Urology 66 194 Karpman E, Das S, Kurzrock EA (2003) Penile calciphylaxis analysis of risk factors and mortality. J Urol 169 2206-2209 Kelami A (1984) Urethral manipulation syndrome. Description of a new syndrome. Urol Int 39 352-354 Kim S (2001) Imaging for evaluation of erectile dysfunction. 

Prune belly syndrome Deficient abdominal muscles, urinary obstruction/ distension, cryptorchism, malrotation of the gut, clubfeet, limb reduction anomalies Urethral atresia, ureteral duplication, bladder distension, hydronephrosis, renal dysplasia Mostly sporadic, heterogeneous (100100)... 

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome Broad thumbs and toes, distinctive facial features, mental retardation, microcephaly, cryptorchism, small phallus Posterior urethral valves, abnormal bladder shape, absent or extra kidney, double renal pelvis Microdeletion 16p (about 25%), most often de novo (180849), further cases with mutations in CREBBP, EP300... 

Kaufmann-McKusick syndrome Hydrometrocolpos, transverse vaginal membrane, vaginal septum, postaxial polydactyly, cardiac anomalies, hypospadias Hydroureter, ureteral duplication, ectopic urethra, urogenital sinus, posterior urethral valves AR (236700), mutations in Bardet-Biedl type 6 BBS6 gene... 

A broad spectrum of terms such as nonneuro-pathic vesicourethral dysfunction (Koff 1984), overactivity of the bladder and striated urethral muscle (Van Gool et al. 1984), nonneuropathic or nonneurogenic bladder-sphincter dysfunction (Hoebeke et al. 1999), dysfunctional bladder (Hinman 1986), unstable bladder (Koff 1982), nonneurogenic neurogenic bladder (Allen 1977) and Hinman syndrome (Hinman 1986) is still in use for sometimes overlapping patterns of nonneurogenic bladder-sphincter dysfunction. 

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