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United States manganese

The United States consumption of manganese is distributed between three industries iron and steelmaking, where 88% of the Mn is consumed the manufacture of batteries, where 7% is used and chemical usage, which accounts for the remaining 5%. United States manganese demand is shown in Figure 12. [Pg.523]

Fig. 12. United States manganese consumption where ( ) represents total U.S. demand, (x ) battery consumption, and (Q) chemicals (160). Fig. 12. United States manganese consumption where ( ) represents total U.S. demand, (x ) battery consumption, and (Q) chemicals (160).
Table 4 gives typical analyses of some of the commercial manganese ores available ia the world market. Table 5 gives a breakdown of the world s total estimated manganese ore reserves that account for 98—99% of the known world reserves of economic significance. No manganese ores of commercial value are to be found ia the United States. [Pg.487]

Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions. The electrolytic process for manganese metal, pioneered by the U.S. Bureau of Mines, is used in the Repubhc of South Africa, the United States, Japan, and beginning in 1989, Bra2il, in decreasing order of production capacity. Electrolytic manganese metal is also produced in China and Georgia. [Pg.495]

During the years 1981 to 1986, the average consumption of manganese units (as ferroalloys) for the EEC, the United States, and Japan combined, decreased from 6.5 to 5.5 kg/t of steel. Eor the same period in the United States, the consumption of manganese decreased from 6.2 to 4.7 kg/t of steel (33), and apparendy decreased further in the years of 1990, 1991, and 1992 to 4.15, 4.11, 3.85 kg/t of steef respectively (9). In contrast, in 1984, the steel industry of the former USSR, where 50% of steel production was stiU made in open-hearth furnaces, had an average consumption of manganese units of 13 kg/t steel (35). [Pg.497]

Airborne manganese concentrations in the United States range from 0.02 to 0.57 in urban areas and 0.0017-0.047 in nonurban areas. [Pg.498]

The laterites can be divided into three general classifications (/) iron nickeliferrous limonite which contains approximately 0.8—1.5 wt % nickel. The nickel to cobalt ratios for these ores are typically 10 1 (2) high siUcon serpentinous ores that contain more than 1.5 wt % nickel and (J) a transition ore between type 1 and type 2 containing about 0.7—0.2 wt % nickel and a nickel to cobalt ratio of approximately 50 1. Laterites found in the United States (8) contain 0.5—1.2 wt % nickel and the nickel occurs as the mineral goethite. Cobalt occurs in the lateritic ore with manganese oxide at an estimated wt % of 0.06 to 0.25 (9). [Pg.370]

A U.S. Bureau of Mines survey covering 202 froth flotation plants in the United States showed that 198 million tons of material were treated by flotation in 1960 to recover 20 million tons of concentrates which contained approximately 1 billion in recoverable products. Most of the worlds copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum, and nickel are produced from ores that are concentrated first by flotation. In addition, flotation is commonly used for the recoveiy of fine coal and for the concentration of a wide range of mineral commodities including fluorspar, barite, glass sand, iron oxide, pyrite, manganese ore, clay, feldspar, mica, sponumene, bastnaesite, calcite, garnet, kyanite, and talc. [Pg.1808]

At present, chlorine dioxide is primarily used as a bleaching chemical in the pulp and paper industry. It is also used in large amounts by the textile industry, as well as for the aching of flour, fats, oils, and waxes. In treating drinking water, chlorine dioxide is used in this country for taste and odor control, decolorization, disinfection, provision of residual disinfectant in water distribution systems, and oxidation of iron, manganese, and organics. The principal use of chlorine dioxide in the United States is for the removal of taste and odor caused by phenolic compounds in raw water supplies. [Pg.472]

Metals such as copper or manganese have been successfully used for field drift studies, allowing good detection levels and stability under most conditions. In Germany, extensive drift studies were conducted using copper as a tracer. In the USA, researchers at the United States Department of Agriculture, Wooster, OH, have also used metals as tracers in field studies. [Pg.977]

Manganese in uncontaminated Israeli arid soils is predominantly in the easily reducible oxide fraction (35-40% of the total-HN03 Mn), followed by the carbonate fraction (18-25%), and the residual fraction (14-25%) (Han and Banin, 1996) (Table 5.4). Manganese in the organic fraction amounts to 9-12% and in the reducible oxide fraction to 5-11%. The exchangeable fraction of Mn in the soils is very low. In the sludge-amended calcareous soils of Southeast Spain, the residual and the carbonate bound Mn fractions are the major solid-phase (Moral et al., 2005). In comparison, the Mn in fine-textured soils from the southeastern United States is... [Pg.156]

Significant amounts of manganese and phosphorite deposits are present on the top of the Blake Plateau, which lies at the foot of the continental margin off the southeastern United States at depths of 500 to 900 m. The Gulf Stream has eroded most of the unconsolidated sediments at this location, leaving only a carbonate platform, which has become covered with pavements of manganese and phosphorite covering an area of 5000 km ... [Pg.523]

C.E. Lundin, F.E. Lynch, Modification of hydriding properties of AB5 alloy type hexagonal alloys through manganese substitution, Proceedings of the Miami International Conference Alternate Energy Sources, United States, 5-7 December 1977. University of Miami, (1978)... [Pg.77]

Cobalt is also found in seawater, meteorites, and other ores such as linnaeite, chloanthite, and smaltite, and traces are found mixed with the ores of silver, copper, nickel, zinc, and manganese. Cobalt ores are found in Canada and parts of Africa, but most of the cobalt used in the United States is recovered as a by-product of the mining, smelting, and refining of the ores of iron, nickel, lead, copper, and zinc. [Pg.106]

It occurs in seawater where some species of seaweed and kelp accumulate the element in their cells. It is also recovered from deep brine wells found in Chile, Indonesia, Japan, and Michigan, Arkansas, and Oklahoma in the United States. The iodine is recovered from cremated ashes of seaweed. The ashes are leached with water to remove the unwanted salts. Finally, manganese dioxide (MnO ) is added to oxidize the iodine ions (1 ) to produce elemental diatomic iodine (y. The following reaction takes place 41 " + MnO —> Mnl + I. + 202-... [Pg.255]

BAB1NGTONITE. This mineral is a relatively rare calcium-iron-manganese silicate, occurring in small black triclinic crystals, found in Italy, Norway and in the United States at Somerville and Athol, Massachusetts, and in Passaic County. New Jersey. It was named for Dr. William Babington. [Pg.167]

Combinations of metal salts arc almost always used. Although mixtures of lead with cobalt and/or manganese are particularly effective, toxicity regulations ban the use of lead driers in consumer paints sold in interstate commerce in the United States, Combinations of cobalt and/or manganese with zirconium, and frequently also with calcium, are commonly used. The amounts of driers needed are very system specific. Their use should be kept to the minimum possible level since they not only catalyze drying but also catalyze the post-drying embrittlement and discoloration reactions. [Pg.507]

The principal micronutrients and their deficiencies in soils of the United States are shown in Table 3. Even though the traditional micronutrients may be required only in minute quantities, deficiencies can lead to diseased crops and stunted livestock. See also entries on Boron Copper (In Biological Systems) Iron Manganese Molybdenum (In Biological Systems) and Zinc (In Biological Systems). [Pg.616]

United States, Russia, Australia, and Canada MANGANESE... [Pg.1011]

A major zinc ore is ZnS (sphalerite) which frequently occurs with the major lead ore PbS (galena). The lead-zinc ores usually contain recoverable quantities of copper, silver, antimony, and bismnth as well, Major deposits of Ihis type are worked in Australia, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Peru, the former Yugoslav Republics, and the former Soviet Union. Two other important zinc ores are ZnCC>3 (smithsonite) and iron-zinc-manganese oxide (franklinite). Several of these minerals are described under separate alphabetical entries. [Pg.1774]


See other pages where United States manganese is mentioned: [Pg.460]    [Pg.491]    [Pg.496]    [Pg.503]    [Pg.239]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.423]    [Pg.489]    [Pg.219]    [Pg.47]    [Pg.261]    [Pg.78]    [Pg.78]    [Pg.465]    [Pg.555]    [Pg.23]    [Pg.350]    [Pg.818]    [Pg.99]    [Pg.190]    [Pg.270]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.379]    [Pg.27]    [Pg.261]    [Pg.969]    [Pg.1378]    [Pg.1445]    [Pg.1631]    [Pg.78]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.2 , Pg.333 , Pg.338 , Pg.339 ]




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