Uhde

Uhde s solution to the challenge of building larger plants is a dual-pressure process that uses Synetix catalysts. A capacity of 3,300 tonnes/day can be designed with all proven high-pressure equipment for the synthesis loop and compressor. It is also possible to reach capacities of 4,000 tonnes/day if the casing of the synthesis gas compressor is increased to the next size, which is available218. 

A standard primary and secondary reforming front end of the plant will operate at proven process conditions. Scale-up of the reforming section is straight-forward when using a top-fired box reformer with a cold outlet manifold system. The size of the reformer is much smaller than reformers currently designed for large-scale methanol projects218. 

The main benefit of the process is that the removal of ammonia after the first stage reduces the volume of the gas that has to be recompressed by about one-third. This effectively increases the capacity of the synthesis loop215. 

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Mobay Chemical Corp. Baytown, Tex. Niachlor 81.6 1972 Uhde (HCl) 5... 

Fig. 14. OxyTech/Uhde HU-type cell a, cell bottom b, cathode c, anode d, cell cover e, bus bars f, brine level gauge g, brine flow meter h, bypass...

The typical electrode active areas are 1.8 and 2.7 m and annual electroly2er production capacity can be up to 16000 tons of NaOH. In 1989 Uhde had 17 plants in operation or under constmction having an annual capacity of 800,000 tons of NaOH. 

Asahi Chemical Acdvzer De Nora Bipolar Uhde Asahi Glass AZEC-M CEC DMC-404x2 De Nora DD Lurgi ICl FM-215P OxyTech MGC... 

Alkaline Chloride Electrolysis by the Diaphragm Process System Hooker, Uhde GmbH, Dortmund, Germany, 1985. 

Electrolytic ceUs for this reaction are manufactured by Hoechst-Uhde (see Electrochemical processing, inorganic) (30,31). 

Chlorine andHydrogen from HCl by Electrolysis, Uhde, Dortmund, Germany, 1987. 

Process Licensors. Some of the well-known nitric acid technology licensors are fisted in Table 3. Espindesa, Grande Paroisse, Humphreys and Glasgow, Rhfyne Poulenc, Uhde, and Weatherly are all reported to be licensors of weak acid technology. Most weak acid plant licensors offer extended absorption for NO abatement. Espindesa, Rhfyne Poulenc, Weatherly, and Uhde are also reported (53,57) to offer selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology. 

Vacuum flash processes, which operate under the atmospheric boiling point of the solution, include the Uhde—LG. Farbenindustrie process and the closely related Kestner process (22). In these, ammonia, nitric acid, and recirculated ammonium nitrate solution are fed into the neutralizer. Hot solution overflows to an intermediate tank and then to a flash evaporator kept at 18—20 kPa (0.18—0.2 atm) absolute pressure. Partial evaporation of water at this point cools and concentrates the solution, part of which is routed to evaporation. The rest is circulated to the neutralizer. 

Plants for Coal Technology RJjeinbraun JJTW Process, Uhde brochure Ro 1 5 19 2000 81, Dortmund, West Germany, 1981. 

Klein E, Uhde TW, Post RM Preliminary evidence for the utility of carbamazepine in alprazolam withdrawal. Am J Psychiatry 143 235—236, 1986 Kouyanou K, Pither CE, Wessely S Medication misuse, abuse and dependence in chronic pain patients. J Psychosom Res 43 497-304, 1997 Kryspin-Exner K [Misuse of bezodiazepine derivatives in alcoholics] (German). Br J Addict Alcohol Other Drugs 61 283-290, 1966 Kryspin-Exner K, Demel 1 The use of tranquilizers in the treatment of mixed drug abuse. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm 12 13-18, 1973... 

One of the reactors that Degussa and the plant manufacturer Krupp-Uhde are currently inveshgating in the framework of a government-funded project has remarkably large outer dimensions and is being tested for pilot-scale feasibility (see Figure 1.23). 

BASF activities have shown that one can make money by investigating gas-phase reactions for process development. If Degussa and Krupp-Uhde have built a very large micro reactor with outer dimensions of more than 1 m, obviously there must be an economic reason for that. 

W. Krass, A. Kittel, and A. Uhde. Pipelinetechnik Mineraldl-femleitungen. Verlag TUY, Koln, 1979. 

Post, R.M. Weiss, S.R.B. Pert, A. and Uhde, T.W. Chronic cocaine administration Sensitization and kindling effects. In Fisher, Raskin, Uhlenhuth, eds. Cocaine Clinical and Behavioral Aspects. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1987. pp. 109-173. 

Bergbau-Forschung/Uhde A flue-gas desulfurization process that uses a movable bed of hot coke. Operated in a power station in Arzberg, Germany, since 1987. 

BIOHOCH An aerobic wastewater treatment process. Optimimum reactor design and a proprietary air injection system achieve 50 percent of the energy consumption of similar systems. Fifty systems had been installed worldwide by 1994. Licensed by Brown-Minneapolis Tank and Hoechst-Uhde Corporation. 

BIOKOP A process for treating liquid effluents containing wastes from organic chemical manufacture. It combines aerobic fermentation, in special reactors known as BIOHOCH reactors, with treatment by powdered activated carbon. Developed originally for treating the effluent from the Griesheim works of Hoechst, it was engineered by Uhde and is now offered by that company. See also PACT. 

CAN [calcium ammonium nitrate] A process for making calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer. Developed by BASF (hence the alternative process name BASF/CAN) and engineered by Uhde. 

CAR [Combined autothermal reforming] A "reforming process for making "syngas from light hydrocarbons, in which the heat is provided by partial oxidation in a section of the reactor. Developed by Uhde and commercialized at an oil refinery at Strazske, Slovakia, in 1991. 

Estasolvan A process for removing acid gases from liquified petroleum gases by absorption in tributyl phosphate and separation by fractional distillation. Developed by the Institut Frangais du Petrole and Friedrich Uhde. No commercial plants were operating in 1985. 

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