Tyrosine formula

Therapeutic Function Antihypertensive Chemical Name 3 hydroxy-a-methyl-L-tyrosine Common Name L-0 -methyl-3,4-dihvdroxyphenvlalanine Structural Formula oh... 

Therapeutic Function Tyrosine hydroxylase Inhibitor Chetnicel Name tt-Methyl-L-tyrosine Common Name Metirosine Structural Formula ... 

Figure 1 Structural formulas of cyclic analogues of phenylalanine and tyrosine.

Tyrosine (Tyr or Y) (4-hydroxyphenylalanine ((5)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propanoic acid)) is a polar, neutral, aromatic amino acid with the formula H00CCH(NH2)CH2C6H50H and is the precursor of thyroxin, dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and the pigment melanin. Being the precursor amino acid for the thyroid gland hormone thyroxin, a defect in this may result in hypothyroidism. Tyr is extremely soluble in water, a property that has proven useful in isolating this amino acid from protein hydrolysates. The occurrence of tyrosine- 0-sulfate as a constituent of human urine and fibrinogen has been reported. ... 

Tyramine From Tyrosine. This is so easy that it is scary, and is probably the reason that tyrosine is watched very closely by the DBA. To avoid exposure to the DEA you may use the formula in the precursors section of this book. It is fairly simple to make. Also, your local health food store, Co-Op or livestock feed supplier may have tyrosine, as it is an important amino acid that is used sometimes as a feed supplement. These farm type suppliers that I have come to know do not report sales of tyrosine to the DEA. Maybe, in your part of the nation, they do. 

Recognition of amino acids has been attempted more frequently with receptors that are likewise zwitterionic in nature (compare 35). Some early studies include the transport of phenylalanine by a merocyanine dye through a liposomal bilayer [53]. Rebek s dicarboxylate-complexing cleft 9 (see Sect. 2) turned out to be a selective (though achiral) binder of trypthophane, phenylalanine, and tyrosine methyl ether [54]. A reasonable structure for a phenylalanine complex of 2 1 stoichiometry, as deduced from NMR studies, is schematically represented in formula 39 [55]. 

Problem 21.18 Write structural formulas for the products of the reactions of (a) alanine + carbobenzoxy chloride (C H,CH,OCOCI) (b) tyrosine + aq. Br, and the product reacted with (CH,),SO< + NaOH. ... 

Nutrition may have a considerable effect. A high intake of milk protein in neonates will result in an increase in most plasma amino acids, especially methionine and tyrosine. Canned infant formulae may contain homocitrulline, which may appear in the patient s urine. White meat (chicken ) will contain carnosine, anserine, and... 

Structural Formula L-Glutamic acid, polymers, polymer with L-alanine, L-lysine and L-tyrosine, acetate (salt)... 

Essentially on the basis of observations 1, 2, and 3, above, Warner 131) proposed the formula reproduced in Fig. 19. This formula for the iron complex involved three tyrosines and a carboxyl from the protein side chains and a bicarbonate. The copper complex was assumed to involve two tyrosines. 

In general the thiol proteases catalyze the hydrolysis of a variety of peptide, ester, and amide bonds of synthetic substrates. Employing the general formula R —NH—CHR—CO—X, cleavage of the —CO—X— bond has been demonstrated when R represents the side chain of glycine, threonine, methionine, lysine, arginine, citrulline, leucine, and tyrosine. 

Diagram 6. Relationship of metabolic defects concerned with phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism. For structural formulas see diagrams 8, 11, and 12. 

Because the amino group which condenses with the carboxyl radical of the adjacent molecule is in the position, the whole of the remainder of the molecules in the more complex amino acids appear as side chains substituting one of the hydrogen atoms in the CHj component of the main skeleton. Thus an extremely simple peptide, built up out of tyrosine and leucine residues, would have the structural formula ... 

PROBLEM 27.3 Write the most stable structural formula for tyrosine ... 

Tyrosine is a (crystalline) amino add with the formula HOQH4CH2CH(NH2) COOH. It results from the hydrolysis of proteins, that is, the reaction of proteins with water. The -C6H4- group within the compoimd denotes a ring-type stmcture. Another definition provided is that tyrosine is found in most proteins and can be synthesized metabolically from phenylalanine. Furthermore, tyrosine is a precursor for thyroid hormones, melanin (the dark pigment of body parts, notably, the skin), and catecholamines (that affect the sympathetic nervous system). 

Erlotinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor that inhibits intracellular phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase associated with the epidermal growth factor receptor. It is indicated in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer after failure of at least 1 prior chemotherapy regimen. Erlotinib (Tarceva) is a human HER 1/EGER tyrosine kinase inhibitor with the following chemical formula A-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-quinazolinamine. It is indicated in treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. 

Tyrosine, HO.CeH4.CH2.CHNH2.COOH, which is a-amino-/3 p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, is an important product of the hydrolysis of many proteins. The acid has been synthesized from /3-phenylpropionic acid, C6H5.CH2.CH2.COOH, which can be prepared from benzyl chloride by the use of the malonic ester synthesis. The first steps in the synthesis are indicated by the following formulas —... 

Fluorescence intensity quenching of tyrosine residues by iodide is analyzed with the Stem-Volmer formula... 

The oxidation of tyrosine, tyramine, or JV-methyltjrramine by tyrosinase has been the subject of extended studies. The reaction sequence follows the route outlined by Raper (9, 10) and Duli6re and Raper (11) as shown in the formula on page 316. 

Hordenine (anhaline, eremursine, peyocactine, 4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-phenol. For formula, data, and occurrence, see j phenylethylamine alkaloids. H. is biosynthesized from phenylalanine or tyrosine via tyramine and N-methyltyramine. H. is a sympathico-mimetic. It has diuretic effects, at higher doses it increases blood pressure, and is generally similar to ephedrine and tyramine. In addition H. is an antifee-dant for locusts. H. is used as a cardiac stimulant of low toxicity and as a disinfectant in cases of dysentery. Lit. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. C 47,1450 (1991) Beilstein EIV 13. 1790 Hager (5.) 5, 708 f. nj. Nat. Prod. 50, 422 (1987) 53,882 (1990) Karrer, No. 2471 see also phenylethylamine alkaloids. 

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