Tumor progenitor cells

Aboody KS, Najbauer J, Danks MK (2008) Stem and progenitor cell-mediated tumor selective gene therapy. Gene Ther 15 739-752... 

Examples of the early application of recombinant DNA technology in medicine are the development of recombinant human growth hormone human insulin human interferons, thought to have anticancer activity in addition to antiviral activity interleukins (regulatory proteins from lymphocytes that are believed to be important in the treatment of immunodeficiency diseases and cancer) tumor necrosis factor epidermal and bone marrow progenitor cell growth factors and the production of vaccines (Table 12.1). 

In addition, most salivary gland like tumors of the breast are basal-type (k5/ 14+progenitor cell derived) tumors with glandular or myoepithelial differentiation or with a heterologeous squamous or mesenchymal differentiation (Bocker, unpublished data). Basal-type carcinomas in the breast and its corresponding counterparts in the salivary gland (in brackets below) are represented by the following subtypes ... 

In squamous cell carcinomas, focal expression of K1 and K10, usually in relation to maturation and keratinization, can be observed regardless of whether they are derived from the skin or from internal organs (for references, see Moll 1998). However, quantitatively, squamous cell carcinomas embark on an alternative maturation pathway characterized by abundant expression of K6 and K16. In summary, basal-type keratins K5 and K6 are useful as general markers for tumors derived from basal (K5/14+ progenitor) cells, whereas K1 and K10 can be regarded as keratinization markers and therefore as squamous differentiation markers. 

Carbonnelle et al. (1995) looked at the effect of hydroquinone on IL-1 release from human monocytes in vitro. Exposure of human monocytes to micromolar amounts of hydroquinone for 2 hours resulted in significantly decreased secretion of IL-1 a and IL-ip at doses of 5 pM and above. RNA and protein synthesis were also inhibited, with a 50% inhibitory concentration at 21 pM for IL-1 a and 10 pM for IL-1 p. Bone marrow mononuclear cells or purified hematopoietic progenitor cells were incubated with 30 pM hydroquinone alone or in the presence of IL-1 p or tumor necrosis factor, and the colony-forming ability of the cells (CFU-C) was evaluated (Colinas et al. 1995). Hydroquinone alone reduced CFU-C frequencies by approximately 60% for both bone marrow mononuclear cells and purified hematopoietic progenitor cells. Neither IL-ip or tumor necrosis factor protected the bone marrow mononuclear cells... 

Colinas R J, Burkart P T, Lawrence D A. 1995. The effects of interleukin-1-beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on in vitro colony formation by human hematopoietic progenitor cells exposed to doxorubicin or hydroquinone. Experimental Hematology (Charlottesville) 23(12) 1247-1255. 

S taflLn K, Honetli G, KalHomaki S, Kjellman C, Edwar dsen K, Lindvall M (2004) Neural progenitor cell lines inliibit rat tumor grow dr in vivo. Cancer Res 64 5347-5354. 

Nimgaonkar, M., Kemp, A., Lancia, J. and Ball, E. D. (1996). A combination of CD34 selection and complement-mediated immunopurging (anti-CD 15 monoclonal antibody) eliminates tumor cells while sparing normal progenitor cells. J. Hematother. 5, 39-48. 

Benedetti S, Pirola B, Polio B, Magrassi L, Bruzzone MG, Rigamonti D, Galli R, Selleri S, Dimeco F, DeFraja C, Vescovi A, Cattaneo E, Finocchiaro G (2000) Gene therapy of experimental brain tumors using neural progenitor cells. Nat Med 6 447-450. 

---