Tumor antigen proteins

Brichory, F., et al., "Proteomics-Based Identification of Protein Gene Product 9.5 as a Tumor Antigen that Induces a Humoral Immune Response in Lung Cancer," Cancer Res., 61, 7908-7912 (2001). 

Wikenheiser KA, Vorbroker DK, Rice WR, Clark JC, Bachurski CJ, Oie HK, Whitsett JA (1993) Production of immortalized distal respiratory epithelial cell lines from surfactant protein C/simian virus 40 large tumor antigen transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90(23) 11029-11033... 

Brichory F, Beer D, Le Naour F, Giordano T, Hanash S. (2001) Proteomics-based identification of protein gene product 9.5 as a tumor antigen that induces a humoral immune response in lung cancer. Cancer Res 61, 7908-12. 

In addition to monoclonal antibody or chemotherapy, immunotherapy has been developed to target tumor antigen for the treatment of FL. The unique sequence of the protein, so-called idiotype (Id) protein, can be a target of immunotherapy. Because Id protein can induce humoral and cellular immune responses against idiotype protein, vaccination with Id protein can decrease the risk of progression. However, the mechanism of anti-Id response has been unclear. 

A major application of monoclonal antibodies is in clinical assays for drugs, bacterial and viral products, tumor antigens, hormones, and other circulating proteins. Their use in conjunction with immunoassays (Box 31-C) has provided increased specificity and sensitivity. Another major application is to observe binding of antibodies to specific proteins by electron microscopy. The location of specific receptor proteins can be established - as can the locations of ribosomal proteins and many other cellular components (Fig. 29-1). Monoclonal antibodies to acetylcholine receptors have been shown to induce symptoms of myasthenia gravis (Box 31-D), supporting the autoimmune origin of that disease. 1 Monoclonal antibodies specific for such a small hapten as mercuric ion have been isolated.k... 

Disis, M. L., and Cheever, M., 1996. Oncogenic proteins as tumor antigens. Carr. Opin. Immunol. 8 637-642. 

Immunology T-ceU MHC proteins most frequently used in the study of tumor antigens. 

Other members of the chymotrypsin family include a collection of proteins that take part in blood clotting, to be discussed in Chapter 10, as well as the tumor marker protein prostate specific antigen (PSA). In addition, a wide range of proteases found in bacteria, viruses, and plants belong to this clan. 

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