Triton oxidizing agents

Recently, a new class of inhibitors (nonionic polymer surfactants) was identified as promising agents for drug formulations. These compounds are two- or three-block copolymers arranged in a linear ABA or AB structure. The A block is a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide) chain. The B block can be a hydrophobic lipid (in copolymers BRIJs, MYRJs, Tritons, Tweens, and Chremophor) or a poly(propylene oxide) chain (in copolymers Pluronics [BASF Corp., N.J., USA] and CRL-1606). Pluronic block copolymers with various numbers of hydrophilic EO (,n) and hydrophobic PO (in) units are characterized by distinct hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). Due to their amphiphilic character these copolymers display surfactant properties including ability to interact with hydrophobic surfaces and biological membranes. In aqueous solutions with concentrations above the CMC, these copolymers self-assemble into micelles. 

The Technicon H 1 HGB automated method follows four steps (7) The blood sample is diluted in a reagent containing 1 amyl dimethyl amine IV-oxide (LO), an ionic surfactant and more powerful lytic agent than Triton X-100. The RBC membrane is lysed as is Step 1, above. (2) The combined action of surfactant and a pH 11.3 releases hemes from globin as a mixture of ferrous (Fe2+) and ferric (Fe3+) hemes. (3) Hemes are air-oxidized to ferric (Fe3+) form. (4) The ferric hemes are ligated by cyanide and micellized by LO, forming reaction products with characteristic absorption spectra that are measured spectrophotometrically. 

Inorganic substances Uke small metal clusters, metal oxides etc. may also be deposited on the surface of single or bundled carbon nanotubes. It is possible, for instance, to decorate multiwalled nanotubes with nanoparticulate oxides of zinc or magnesium. To this end, a surfactant-mediated dispersion of MWNT is solubilized in cyclohexane with Triton X-114 as a surface-active agent to obtain a water/ oil emulsion. Aqueous solutions of the respective metal acetates are added afterward and are then found in the aqueous portion of the emulsion. Subsequently increasing the pH value to about 9.5 causes a precipitation of the metal hydroxides that deposit on the nanotube surface in the shape of hollow spheres. Final calcination at 450 °C transforms these hollow particles into the crystalhne metal oxides. Particles measuring about 5 nm or 30-40 nm have been observed for ZnO or MgO, respectively (Figure 3.84b). 

Compound CXII has been prepared by Nardi et al. [288] and reported to be more active than the biphenylyl-substituted acids liosol (LXXVII) and desenovis (LXXXI). The mesyl derivative, -phenoxyphenyl methane-sulfonate, Upjohn-22,105 (CXIII), has been found to possess hypocholesterolemic activity at 10 mg/kg and predominantly triglyceride-lowering activity at 5 mg/kg in the triton-induced hyperlipemic rat. This substance also elicited hepatotrophic activity [289]. Similarly, the basic ester, Sandoz 42-348 (CXIV) has also been reported to produce hepatomegaly in rats, and is considered more active than clofibrate as a hypolipidemic agent in the rat [290]. Compound CXIV has been reported to differ from clofibrate in its mode of action in that it significantly accelerated the oxidation of cholesterol-26-C to C Og and markedly increased bile-acid secretion in the male rat [291]. Compound CXIV at a daily dose of... 

Dispersion polymerization of styrene in ethanol and ethanol/ water was performed at 70 ° C with C6F13-I as reversible transfer agent, 2,2 -azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile) as radical initiator, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) as steric stabilizer, and Triton X-305 (octylphenol ethoxylate with average number of ethylene oxide units = 30) as costabilizer. A delayed addition of C6F13-I was required to avoid the disturbance of the nudeation period. 

The reaction is carried out under the action of alkaline agents (alk-oxides, amides or hydroxides of the alkali metals, Triton B, or aliphatic... 

---