Trichomonas vaginalis infection, treatment

Metronidazole and tinidazole are the only antimicrobial agents available in the United States that are consistently effective in T. vaginalis infections. Treatment recommendations for Trichomonas infections are given in Table 46-12. 

Akyol D, Mnngan T, Baltaci V. A comparative stndy of genotoxic effects in the treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis infection metronidazole or nalidixic acid. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2000 264(l) 20-3. 

While nitrofurans are often prepared as antibacterial agents, nitroimidazole forms the basis for an extensive class of agents used in the treatment of infections by the protozoans. Unlike bacterial infections, protozoal infections are seldom life-threatening. The physical discomfort occasioned by such infections is, however, of sufficient importance to provide a useful therapeutic place for antiprotozoal agents. A particularly common set of such conditions are parasitic infections of the genitalia caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. These disorders are called trichomoniasis. 

Giardiasis For the treatment of giardiasis caused by Giardia duodenalis (also termed Giardia lamblia) in adults and pediatric patients older than 3 years of age. Trichomoniasis For the treatment of trichomoniasis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis in female and male patients. Because trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease with potentially serious sequelae, partners of infected patients should be treated simultaneously in order to prevent reinfection. 

Cudmore S, Delgaty KL, Hayward-McClelland SF, Petrin DP, Garber E (2004) Treatment of infections caused by metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis. Clin Microbiol Rev 17 783-793... 

They are still used in the treatment of other parasitic infections. Thus, derivatives of benzene arsonic acid, CsHsAsOfOH, such asiV-acetyl-4-hydroxy-m-arsanilic acid, Af-carbamoylarsanilic acid and its oxide, sodium -(carbamoyl-methyl) arsanilate and glycobiarsol (18) are potent intestinal amoebicides when taken orally, and difetarsone (19) has recently found use as an anthelminthic29. They are also administered in the treatment of trypanosomiasis and helminthiasis in animals, as well as in topical application to destroy Trichomonas vaginalis and moni-linia. For the first of these purposes they have been largely replaced by melarsoprol... 

More recently, organoarsenical compounds were used in the treatment of amebiasis, worms, trichomonas vaginalis, Vincent s angina, and even other ORL infections (Table 3). 

Metronidazole was initially introduced for the treatment of vaginal infections caused by Trichomonas vaginalis but has since been shown to be effective for treatment of amebiasis, giardiasis, and anaerobic bacterial infections, including Clostridium difficile. 

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