Trichloroethylene Alcohol

A flushing skin reaction similar to a mild disulfiram reaction can occur in those who drink alcohol following exposure to trichloroethylene. Alcohol may also increase the risk of liver toxicity due to solvent exposure. 

Except the solvent, all other additives get eliminated during the processing, especially during the firing stage. Liquids are used to wet ceramic particles, to provide a viscous medium, and to dissolve salts, compounds, and polymeric substances. Water is the principal liquid used. For materials that react with water, nonaqueous liquids are used. Examples for such liquids are trichloroethylene, alcohols, ketones, and refined petroleum oil or liquid wax. 

On acetylation it gives acetanilide. Nitrated with some decomposition to a mixture of 2-and 4-nitroanilines. It is basic and gives water-soluble salts with mineral acids. Heating aniline sulphate at 190 C gives sulphanilic add. When heated with alkyl chlorides or aliphatic alcohols mono- and di-alkyl derivatives are obtained, e.g. dimethylaniline. Treatment with trichloroethylene gives phenylglycine. With glycerol and sulphuric acid (Skraup s reaction) quinoline is obtained, while quinaldine can be prepared by the reaction between aniline, paraldehyde and hydrochloric acid. 

Paprika oleoresin (EEC No. E 160c) is the combination of davor and color principles obtained by extracting paprika with any one or a combination of approved solvents acetone, ethyl alcohol, ethylene dichloride, hexane, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, methylene chloride, and trichloroethylene. Depending on their source, paprika oleoresins are brown—red, slightly viscous, homogeneous Hquids, pourable at room temperature, and containing 2—5% sediment. 

Similar to alcohol (Lovinger and White 1991) and volatile anesthetics (Machu and Harris 1994), trichoroethane, trichloroethylene, and toluene enhance 5-HT3 receptor function. All three inhalants significantly and reversibly potentiated, in a dose-dependent manner, 5-HT-activated currents, mediated by mouse 5-HT3 receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Another feature common to these drugs is that the acute use of inhalants, as well as alcohol and volatile anesthetics, can produce nausea and vomiting (Meredith et al. 1989). It is believed that 5-HT3 receptors located in the area postrema mediate this action of alcohol and the volatile anesthetics (Aapro 1991). 

Alcohol can affect the metabolism of trichloroethylene. This is noted in both toxicity and pharmacokinetic studies. In toxicity studies, simultaneous exposure to ethanol and trichloroethylene increased the concentration of trichloroethylene in the blood and breath of male volunteers (Stewart et al. 1974c). These people also showed "degreaser s flush"—a transient vasodilation of superficial skin vessels. In rats, depressant effects in the central nervous system are exacerbated by coadministration of ethanol and trichloroethylene (Utesch et al. 1981). 

Ettema JH, Zielhuis RL, Burer E, et al. 1975. Effects of alcohol, carbon monoxide and trichloroethylene on mental capacity. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 35 117-132. 

Solubility Slightly soluble in water soluble in dilute acids, trichloroethylene, warm dimethylformamide, and most organic solvents, such as alcohol and chloroform insoluble in aqueous alkali. Salts formed with inorganic and organic acids are soluble. 

Soluble in alcohol, ether (Weast, 1986), and many low molecular weight hydrocarbons (pentane, hexane, heptane), and halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, methylene chloride, trichloroethylene. 

AI3-00040, see Cyclohexanol AI3-00041, see Cyclohexanone AI3-00045, see Diacetone alcohol AI3-00046, see Isophorone AI3-00050, see 1,4-Dichlorobenzene AI3-00052, see Trichloroethylene AI3-00053, see 1,2-Dichlorobenzene AI3-00054, see Acrylonitrile AI3-00072, see Hydroquinone AI3-00075, see p-Chloro-rrr-cresol AI3-00078, see 2,4-Dichlorophenol AI3-00085, see 1-Naphthylamine AI3-00100, see Nitroethane AI3-00105, see Anthracene AI3-00109, see 2-Nitropropane AI3-00111, see Nitromethane AI3-00118, see ferf-Butylbenzene AI3-00119, see Butylbenzene AI3-00121, see sec-Butylbenzene AI3-00124, see 4-Aminobiphenyl AI3-00128, see Acenaphthene AI3-00134, see Pentachlorophenol AI3-00137, see 2-Methylphenol AI3-00140, see Benzidine AI3-00142, see 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol AI3-00150, see 4-Methylphenol AI3-00154, see 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol AI3-00262, see Dimethyl phthalate AI3-00278, see Naphthalene AI3-00283, see Di-rj-butyl phthalate AI3-00327, see Acetonitrile AI3-00329, see Diethyl phthalate AI3-00399, see Tributyl phosphate AI3-00404, see Ethyl acetate AI3-00405, see 1-Butanol AI3-00406, see Butyl acetate AI3-00407, see Ethyl formate AI3-00408, see Methyl formate AI3-00409, see Methanol AI3-00520, see Tri-ocresyl phosphate AI3-00576, see Isoamyl acetate AI3-00633, see Hexachloroethane AI3-00635, see 4-Nitrobiphenyl AI3-00698, see IV-Nitrosodiphenylamine AI3-00710, see p-Phenylenediamine AI3-00749, see Phenyl ether AI3-00790, see Phenanthrene AI3-00808, see Benzene AI3-00867, see Chrysene AI3-00987, see Thiram AI3-01021, see 4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether AI3-01055, see 1.4-Dioxane AI3-01171, see Furfuryl alcohol AI3-01229, see 4-Methyl-2-pentanone AI3-01230, see 2-Heptanone AI3-01231, see Morpholine AI3-01236, see 2-Ethoxyethanol AI3-01238, see Acetone AI3-01239, see Nitrobenzene AI3-01240, see I idine AI3-01256, see Decahydronaphthalene AI3-01288, see ferf-Butyl alcohol AI3-01445, see Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane AI3-01501, see 2,4-Toluene diisocyanate AI3-01506, see p,p -DDT AI3-01535, see 2,4-Dinitrophenol AI3-01537, see 2-Chloronaphthalene... 

Verton D, see 2,4-D Verton 2D, see 2,4-D Verton 2T, see 2,4,5-T Vertron 2D, see 2,4-D Vestinol 80, see Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Vestrol, see Trichloroethylene Vetiol, see Malathion Vetox, see Carbaryl Vidon 638, see 2,4-D Vinegar acid, see Acetic acid Vinegar naphtha, see Ethyl acetate Vinicizer 85, see Di- octyl phthalate Vinnapas 850, see Vinyl acetate Vinyl acetate H.Q., see Vinyl acetate Vinyl alcohol 2,2-dichlorodimethyl phosphate, see Dichlorvos... 

Zhong et al. (2003) studied the apparent solubility of trichloroethylene in aqueous solutions, where the experimental variables were surfactant type and cosolvent concentration. The surfactants used in the experiment were sodium dihexyl sulfo-succinte (MA-80), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyoxyethylene 20 (POE 20), sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80), and a mixture of Surfonic- PE2597 and Witconol-NPIOO. Isopropanol was used as the alcohol cosolvent. Eigure 8.20 shows the results of a batch experiment studying the effects of type and concentration of surfactant on solubilization of trichloroethylene in aqueous solutions. A correlation between surfactant chain length and solubilization rate may explain this behavior. However, the solubilization rate constants decrease with surfactant concentration. Addition of the cosolvent isopropanol to MA-80 increased the solubility of isopropanol at each surfactant concentration but did not demonstrate any particular trend in solubilization rate of isopropanol for the other surfactants tested. In the case of anionic surfactants (MA-80 and SDS), the solubility and solubilization rate increase with increasing electrolyte concentration for all surfactant concentrations. 

Intolerance to alcohol, presenting as a transient redness affecting mainly the face and neck (trichloroethylene flush) has frequently been observed after repeated exposure to TCE and alcohol ingestion. It has been suggested that ingestion of alcohol may potentiate the effect of TCE intoxication. ... 

Trichloroethylene Degreasing, dry cleaning Sensitizes the myocardium to epinephrine, interferes with alcohol metabolism... 

The technology is applicable to chlorinated and nonchlorinated VOCs methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) dichloroethylene (DCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and tetrachloroethylene (per-chloroethylene, PCE) dichloroethane (DCA) vinyl chloride alcohols ethers ketones and halogenated and nonhalogenated paraffinic, olefinic, aliphatic, and aromatic hydrocarbons. It is very effective at treating benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds and any oxygenate, such as acetone or isopropanol. 

Laboratory tests show that the technology is applicable to chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) acetone benzene methyltentbutyl ether (MTBE) alcohols and other common solvents. 

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