Treating units

Musamma, A., Improvement of Arun Treating Unit, 73rd Annual GPA Convention, New Orleans, Louisiana, Mareh 1994. 

Steam strip spent doctor solution to hydrocarbon recovery before air regeneration replace treating unit with other, less objectionable units (Merox) Use sour water oxidizers and gas incineration ... 

Figure 7-3. Iron oxide acid treating unit.

The overhead product is totally liquefied in the overhead condensers. A portion of the overhead liquid is pumped and returned to the tower as reflux. The remainder is sent to a treating unit to remove H2S and other sulfur compounds. The mixed Cj s and C s stream can then be fed to an ether or an alkylation unit. It can be fed to a depropanizer tower where the Cj s are separated from C4 s. The Cj s are processed for petrochemical feedstock and the C4 s are alkylated. 

The ammonia production is less than in hydrazine, but there may be a perceived of copper and brass corrosion. In fact, any corrosion risk is small, provided that DEHA-treated boiler plants are subjected to the same requirements as hydrazine-treated units, namely, ensuring that all in-leakage of oxygen in the condensate system is fully eliminated. If this objective is achieved, the oxidation of cuprous oxide to cupric oxide tends not occur to any significant degree, and the susceptibility for copper corrosion in the presence of ammonia is equally low. 

A unit equality may link SI units and non-SI units (1 quart = 0.946353 L), decimally related units (10 c = 1 m ), or base units and derived units (1 L = 10 m ). Some of the more common unit equalities are given on the inside back cover of this text. Examples and treat unit conversions. 

To remember the space, treat units like words. You would write twelve compounds not twelvecompounds hence, you would write 12 mh not 12mL. A notable exception to this rule occurs with percentages in this case, there is no space between the number and the percent sign (%) ... 

Location/Date Contaminants Amount of Contaminated Media Treated Unit Cost of Treatment Reference... 

Site Contaminant Media Amount Treated Unit Cost... 

The primary problem with the systems that have been developed to utilize lower feed sulfur concentrations is the reduced efficiency of sulfur recovery. This effect is not so apparent in lost sulfur revenues as it is in the increased size and cost of the downstream tail-gas treating unit required to minimize the sulfur emissions from the overall sulfur-treatment section. 

This process was fully utilized in commercial units early in 1942 and played an important part in satisfying the ever-increasing requirements of our Armed Forces. Usually, a debutanized motor gasoline was charged to the treating unit at relatively severe conditions to crack the heavier fractions and increase the yield and quality of aviation base stock. Typical results are given in Table II. 

Operating Pressures. Pressurc/hcad available at equipment inlet and allowable pressure drop within the unit should also be specified. It governs elevation of the treating unit and pimping requirements, if any. 

Because all such water treating units require a fairly stable flow rate to ensure achieving the intended performance, it was decided to install two identical units of 31,500-B/D (210-m5/h] capacity each This ensures that at reduced flow rates, one unit may be shut off while the other unit runs at us optimum flow rate. This also provides the flexibility to remove only one unit for planned maintenance while the other unit is run at full flow rate (63.000 B D (420 m3/h]) In such a case, separation efficiency, however, is reduced. 

A number of refiners have processed residue containing feedstocks in commercial FCC units. Feeds with as much as 5.1%w RCR ( 6.5%w CCR) and 85 ppm Ni + V have been processed in Phillips Borger Refinery.(4) Ashland has processed feedstocks of up to 7.1%w RCR ( 8.5%w CCR) and 85 ppm Ni + V in their RCC (Reduced Crude Conversion) process.(5,6) A commercial scale ART (Asphalt Residual Treating) unit has processed residues containing levels of contaminants as high as 13.5%w RCR and 300 ppm Ni + V (7,8). However, in typical day-to-day operation of residue cat crackers, feedstock quality is not as extreme as those illustrated above. 

Der Chemie-Ingenieur was far more imposing, an encyclopedia about physical operations in chemical and related process industries. It totaled 12 volumes published between 1932 and 1940 under the editorship of Professor Arnold Eucken of Gottingen and, initially, Professor Max Jakob of Berlin, who soon departed for the United States. Figure 10 shows the encyclopedia, with Perry s Handbook in front. Eight volumes treat unit operations on a scientific footing, with abundant citations of sources, frequent use of mathematical tools, and sophisticated accounts of the best practice. Then came the add-on volumes, which treated physicochemical and economic aspects of chemical reaction operations, i.e., chemical process principles ... 

The treated gas had to meet typical pipeline gas specifications, that is, less than 4 ppm vol. H2S and less than 2.0 vol.% CO2. The add gas liberated is sent to conventional two-stage Claus units followed by a Sulfreen tail gas treating unit. Figure 10.4 illustrates the original amine sweetening units process flow-scheme. There are two identical trains, each equipped with two high-pressure absorbers and two regenerators. 

A large proportion of errors in research and engineering as well as in the classroom are due to treating units as if they were not part of the number. In all scientific disciplines, it is essential that a unit be associated with every value in every calculation unless the value is a dimensionless quantity. On September... 

Synthesis is conducted at about 220 C and about 25 atm. Each reactor is suppUed with about 700,000 cu ft per hr of synthesis gas, and about 50 to 60 per cent conversion is achieved. The gas-recycle ratio is 3 vol of end gas per voliuue of fresh gas. Precipitated iron catalysts are used in this section, and a catalyst life of about one year is expected. Little information has been released on the fluid-bed section, which consists of two reactors with auxiliary equipment. Each 9 mthesb section has its own product-treating units. 

Silica Treating Unit Filler Loading (phr) Polymer % Trans. % Haze (100 mil)... 

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