Treater

After the resin is appHed to the paper, the wet treated web enters a drying oven where most of the solvent is evaporated off. Modem treaters, such as that shown in Figure 1, have air flotation ovens so that the web is never touched by hot conveyor bars that may cause streaks noticeable in the final product. 

Molecular Sieve Treatment. Molecular sieve treaters can be designed to remove H2S, organic sulfur compounds (including carbonyl sulfide), and water in one step. SoHd-bed units are utilized and regeneration occurs in the same manner as simple, soHd-bed dehydrators. 

Solid-Bed Caustic Treatment. SoHd-bed caustic units utilizing methanol [67-56-1] injection into the LPG feed stream can be used for carbonyl sulfide removal. The methanol—caustic solution must be drained periodically from the beds and discarded. When the soHd bed is exhausted, the spent caustic must be discarded and replaced. The LPG from the treater has a low enough water content to meet the propane specification. 

Heater Detol reactors Flash drum Stabilizer Clay treater Distillation... 

Another problem occurs when some fire retardant formulations ate exposed to elevated temperatures (eg, when used as roof tmsses or as roof sheathing) thermal-induced strength reductions can occur in-service. The thermo-chemical factors were discussed by LeVan and Winandy (26), and a kinetic degrade model was developed (27). The treater should be consulted to obtain appropriate in-service modifications for specific fire retardant treatments. 

CT = clay treater CC = cumene column and BFW = boiler feedwater. 

A griod example of convection in a process application is the transici of heat from a fire tube to a liquid, as in an oil treater. A current is set up between the cold and the w arm parts of the water transferring the heal from the surface of the fire tube to the bulk liquid. 

Bath-type heat exchangers can be either direct or indirect. In a direct bath exchanger, the heating medium exchanges heat directly with the fluid to be heated. The heat source for bath heaters can be a coil of a hot heat medium or steam, waste heat exhaust from an engine or turbine, or heat from electric immersion heaters. An example of a bath heater is an emulsion heater-treater of the type discussed in Volume 1. In this case, a fire tube immersed in the oil transfers heat directly to the oil bath. The calculation of heat duties and sizing of fire tubes for this type of heat exchanger can be calculated fom Chapter 2. 

Production Separators I est Separators 1 ow Pressure Separators < iij col Contact Tower nil Treater... 

Fire tubes, especially in heater treaters, where they can be immersed in crude oil, can become a source of ignition if the tube develops a leak, allowing crude oil to come in direct contact with the flame. Fire tubes can also be a source of ignition if the burner controls fail and the tube overheats or if the pilot is out and the burner turns on when there is a combustible mixture in the tubes. 

The Canadian Standards Association Standard Z343 (CSA 1998) presents test methods for in-line and firebox flame arresters. In this standard in-line flame arresters are limited to only detonation types and firebox flame arresters are defined as flame arresters installed in an enclosnre, or system of enclosnres, where the mn-np distance is less than 1.5 meters and open to the atmosphere. Firebox flame arresters are commonly nsed on eqnip-ment designed to heat flnids in prodnction operations snch as indirect heaters, emnlsion treaters, and glycol dehydrators. The development history of this standard is presented in Section 2.3.2. 

Liquidfull vessels (such as treaters) operate liquid full. Therefore, the wetted surface would be the total vessel surface within the height limitation. 

Acid/Base Reactions Encountered Most Frequently by Oil Industry Caustic Treaters... 

FIG. 14 Flow diagram of the HF alkylation process. R, reactor AS, acid settler HR, HF regenerator HS, SF stripper BC, benzene column PC, paraffin column RR, rerun column AT, aluminia treater VE, vacuum ejector. 

Chemical treater. A chemical treater is used to inject a bactericide if microorganisms could cause fouling of injection equipment and plugging of the injection reservoir. 

Hall, B.E. "Workover Fluids. Part I - Surfactants have differing chemical properties that should be understood to ensure proper application," World Oil(May 1986) 111-114 ibid "Part 2 - How the various types of surfactants are used to improve well productivity," World Oil(June 1986) 64-67 ibid "Part 3 - Use of alcohols and mutual solvents in oil and gas wells," World Oil(July 1986) 65-67 ibid "Part 4 - Use of Clays and fines stabilizers and treaters," World Oil(October 1986) 61-63 ibid "Part 5 - How certain chemicals react to stabilize clays and fines in the formation," World Oil(December 1986), 49,50. 

Ingrid has 7.5 pounds of candy for trick-or-treaters. She gives a vampire 0.25 pounds, a fairy princess 0.53 pounds, and a horse 1.16 pounds. She eats 0.12 pounds. How much candy is left ... 

HEATER-TREATER OIL FIRE Area is too large to extinguish... 

HEATER-TREATER GAS FIRE 0.35 gpm/ft2 Radius of exposure protection... 

Exposure cooling of the Heater-Treaters (3) 600 gpm Monitors IRI 12.2.1.2 2100 N/A determined from largest... 

Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program continuous steam treater Chemical Weapons Convention... 

M M2 8 MACT MAV MDB MDM MEO MPA MPa MPT MSB molar concentration energetic material used for propulsion of certain assembled chemical weapons maximum achievable control technology modified ammunition van munitions demilitarization building munitions demilitarization machine mediated electrochemical oxidation methylphosphonic acid megapascals metal parts treater munitions storage building... 

Metal munition parts are washed with dilute nitric acid and sent to a metal parts treater along with undissolved fuzes. Any agent remaining on the metal parts and the fuzes is destroyed by thermal decomposition. The resultant metal parts are decontaminated to a 5X level. 

Dunnage and DPE suits are decontaminated to a 5X level in a continuous steam treater. 

Decontamination of metal parts and fuzes to a 5X condition in the metal parts treater (MPT). 

Each dunnage treater is a 4-ft-diameter horizontal vessel made of Hastelloy C276 material, within which... 

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