Transgenic plants patenting

The disadvantages shown in Table 1 continue to be areas for research and development, and progress is made everyday toward overcoming these challenges. One example of the amount of research and development in the area of strain development is the number of patents found using Scifinder. In the last 20 yr, approximately 340 bacterial strain patents, 150 yeast strain patents, 1300 plant cell patents, 4300 hybridoma cell patents, and 2700 transgenic plant patents have been issued internationally. The number of journal articles published is phenomenal. 

Pacific Northwest Laboratories Transgenic Plants Patents. http //availabletechnolo-gies.pnl.gov/biomedical/trans.stm 2004. 

There are no published reports in the scientific literature on the extraction and purification of PHA from transgenic plant material on the medium- to large-scale necessary for commercial production of PHA in agricultural crops. There are, however, a number of issued patents and patent applications which describe... 

Miller, T., Fanton, M., and Webb, S. (2004). Stable immunoprophylactic and therapeutic compositions derived from transgenic plant cells and methods for production. World Patent Application WO 2004/098530. 

The Enlarged Board of Appeal of the European Patent Office made the following comments when questioned about a recent case involving transgenic plants (Novartis G 0001/98), in relation to Article 53(a) of the European Patent Convention (EPC), which establishes that inventions that are contrary to public morality and customs are not patentable ... 

Stoop, J.M., Plant Genes for Fructosyltransferase and Their Use in the Development of Transgenic Plants with Embryos Rich in Fructan, U.S. Patent 2004073975, 2004. 

Batard, Y., Robineau, T., Durst, F., Werck-Reichart, D., and Didierjean, L., Use of Helianthus tuberosus Cytochrome P450 Protein CYP76B1 for Improved Resistance to Phenylurea Herbicides and Pesticides in Transgenic Plants and for Soil and groundwater bioremediation, U.S. Patent 6376753, 2002. 

Koops, A.J., Sevenier, R., Van Tunen Arjen, J., and De Leenheer, L., Transgenic Plants Comprising 1-SST and 1-FFT Fructosyltransferase Genes for a Modified Inulin Production Profile, European Patent 952222, 1999. 

Van Tunen, A.J., Van Der Meer, I.M., and Koops, A.J., DNA Sequences Encoding Carbohydrate Polymer Synthesizing Enzymes and Method for Producing Transgenic Plants, WO Patent 9621023, 1996. 

Zhu, Z. and Chang, T.J., Jerusalem Artichoke Agglutinin, Their cDNA Sequences and Application in Insect-Resistant Transgenic Plant, Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu, CN, Patent 1357553, 2002. 

Transgenic plants presenting a modified inulin-producing profile Patent number US6664444 (2003)... 

Table 3 Key patents for protein expression in transgenic plant production systems (Note The associated company relates to the company associated with commercialization of the patent)...

Curtiss R, Cardineau G, inventors Washington University, Mycogen, assignees. Oral immunization by transgenic plants. US Patent US 5, 654, 184 US 5 679 880 US 5 686079. 1997. 

The decarboxylation of the toxic 4-methyltryptophan mentioned earlier has been patented as a basis for a selection procedure of transgenic plants, using the C. roseus Tdc gene as selection marker gene (192). 

Calgene (Thompson, G.A. and Knauf, V.C.) (1991a) Cloning of plant desaturase cDNA and its expression in transgenic plants. World Patent 91 13,972. 

Somleva, M., Ah, A. Propagation of transgenic plants. International Patent Application WO/2010/102220,2010. 

To further ensure the environmental safety UniCrop s GM production plants, the company has developed a specific Transgene Escape Prevention System (patent pending) based on molecular techniques [31, 32]. 

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