Resistant transgenic plants

Schiiler, T. H., Poppy, G. M., Kerry, B. R. and Denholm, I. (1999a). Potential side effects of insect-resistant transgenic plants on arthropod natural enemies. Trends in Biotechnology 17 210-216. 

Transgenic plants containing a nitrilase specific for the herbicide bromoxynil (= 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile)have also been developed [93] the Cal-gene company transformed tobacco plants with the bacterial Klebsiella ozaenae gene encoding nitrilase [94] that detoxifies the herbicide by hydrolysis (conversion of bromoxynil to 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid), resulting in the establishment of the herbicide-resistant transgenic plants. 

Zhu, Z. and Chang, T.J., Jerusalem Artichoke Agglutinin, Their cDNA Sequences and Application in Insect-Resistant Transgenic Plant, Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu, CN, Patent 1357553, 2002. 

The developments of stress-resistant transgenic plants are largely predicted on the capability of the products of overexpressed stress-responsive genes to protect otherwise sensitive plants. However, it must be noted that not all the identified stress-responsive genes have proven successful in conferring stress resistance. 

Potential effects of transgene products on pollinating insects such as honey bees and bumble bees, which play a major role in seed production and fruit set of many crops, are of great importance. They feed on pollen and nectar and therefore it is necessary to determine the toxicity of the entomotoxin expressed in insect-resistant transgenic plants both in the short and long term. To date such studies with honey bees have been performed predominantly using artificial diets where the entomotoxins are... 

Development of Disease Resistant Transgenic Plant Varieties. 174... 

Dutton, A., J. Romeis, and F. Bigler. 2003. Assessing the risks of insect resistant transgenic plants on entomophagous arthropods Bt-maize expressing CrylAb as a case study. BioControl 48 611-636. 

DOWN R E, FORD L, BEDFORD S J, GATEHOUSE L N, NEWELL C, GATHOUSE J A, GATEHOUSE A M (2001) Influence of plant development and environment on transgene expression in potato and consequences for insect resistance. Transgenic Res. 10(3) 223-260. 

Products released by the action of PL have previously been reported to act as elicitors of plant defense reactions (24,25,26,27). Accordingly, the transgenic plants described in this report provides an excellent mutant collection for the study of factors conferring resistance against Envinia carotovora bacteria. 

At the moment, strategies for the production of transgenic plants are already used for maize, tobacco, potato, and rice. The main purpose is to increase their resistance toward diseases [63]. Some plants also get newly introduced products, such as vitamins [64]. Another purpose of transgenic plants is their use for production of vaccines for instance hepatitis B vaccine... 

Several successful examples are found in the literature where defense-related genes have been transformed into other plants, both model systems and crop plants. Some examples of transgenic plants and their conferred resistances are summarized in Table 4. 

Table 4 Examples of transgenic plants, the gene sources, and conferred resistance...

Stalker, D.M., McBride, K.E., and MalyJ, L.D. Herbicide resistance in transgenic plants expressing a bacterial detoxification gene. Science (Washington, DC), 242(4877) 419-423, 1988. 

First field testing of transgenic plants resistant to insects, bacteria and viruses... 

The EPA is involved in the regulation process if the transgenic plant expresses a pest- or herbicide-resistant engineered trait in addition to a biopharmaceutical. 

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