Toluene-insoluble

The specification requirements for electrode binder pitch, eg, high C/H ratio, high coking value, and high P-resin content, effectively ruled out pitches from gasworks or low temperature tars. The cmde tar is distilled to a medium-soft pitch residue and then hardened by heating for several hours at 385—400°C. This treatment increases the toluene-insoluble content and produces only a slight increase in the quinoline-insoluble (Ql) material, the latter by the formation of mesophase. 

The gel content (toluene insoluble per cent) of the rubber and the swelling index of the gel (the ratio of the volume of a swollen gel to its unswollen volume). The former is a measure of the amount of cross-linked material and the second a measure of the intensity of cross-linking. It has been found that a sample of medium gel content (5-20%) and a medium swelling index (10-20) gives the best impact strength in the blend. 

The toluene phase was separated and discarded. The aqueous phase, together with a precipitated water- and toluene-insoluble oil, was made alkaline and extracted repeatedly with chloroform. The chloroform solution was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was re-... 

Thus, one test (ASTM D893) covers the determination of pentane- and toluene-insoluble constituents in used lubricating oils using pentane dilution and centrifugation as the method of separation. The other test (ASTM D4055) uses pentane dilution followed by membrane filtration to remove insoluble constituents larger than 0.8 p,m. 

If the residual fuel oil is produced by a thermal process such as visbreaking, it may also be necessary to determine if toluene-insoluble material is present by the methods, or modifications thereof, used to determine the toluene insoluble of tar and pitch (ASTM D4072, D4312). In the methods, a sample is digested at 95°C (203°F) for 25 minutes and then extracted with hot toluene in an alundum thimble. The extraction time is 18 hours (ASTM D4072) or 3 hours (ASTM D4312). The insoluble matter is dried and weighed. 

In procedure A, a sample is mixed with pentane and centrifuged, after which the resid or asphalt solution is decanted and the precipitate is washed twice with pentane, dried, and weighed. For toluene-insoluble constituents, a separate sample of the resid or asphalt is mixed with pentane and centrifuged. The precipitate is washed twice with pentane, once with toluene-alcohol solution, and once with toluene. The insoluble material is then dried and weighed. In procedure B, procedure A is followed except that instead of pentane, a pentane-coagulant solution is used. 

From the results in Table 10 it can be seen that for the filtrate obtained after precipitation with toluene, that the fraction boiling to 150°C decreases. This is contraiy to what was e q>ected, in that the fluidity of the filtrate would indicate some retention of toluene, but the distillation shows otherwise. The fraction from 200>300"C shows an increase after precipitation, which again is difficult to explain in terms of a simple precipitation of high molecular weight species. In a difrerent set of experiments, a larger quantity (about 4 1) of material was prepared by precipitation of insolubles from filtered extract solution using toluene. To characterise the product, it was tested for pentane, toluene and THF insolubles. Following this, the material was stored in a vessel for about 2-3 weeks at 150°C prior to use. It was found that some of the material had evaporated and the extract was less fluid. The insolubles content was retested and it was found that the pentane insolubles had increased from 26 to 32 % the toluene insolubles from 8.5 to 9.8 % and the THF insolubles decreased from 2.0 to 1.8 %. It would thus appear that... 

These comprise components A to C, the amount of component B being 5 to 50 pbw per 100 pbw of A (based on solid content) and the amount of C being 50 to 350 pbw per 100 pbw of A (based on solid content). A is an emulsion of ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, which is composed of 5 to 35 wt.% of ethylene and 95 to 65 wt.% of vinyl ester, and has a Tg of -25 to -I-15C and a toluene-insoluble part of 30 wt.% or more. B is a thermal expansive hollow microbead and C is an inorganic filler. The emulsion has superior mechanical strength, crack resistance, water resistance, alkali resistance, blocking resistance, foaming property, embossing property and superior flame resistance and can be used for flameproof foam sheet for wallpaper. 

Emerald-green crystals orthorhombic structure density 1.455 g/cm at 17°C melts at 230°C soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform, benzene and toluene insoluble in ether. 

Figure 12. Infrared spectra of fractions of partly carbonized toluene-soluble coke-oven pitch (a) toluene soluble (b) toluene insoluble (largely spheres)...

Pyridine solubles (toluene insolubles) 777A Asphaltenes... 

Figure 3. Effect of pyridine solubles (toluene insolubles) and of asphaltenes on viscosity...

The boundary for toluene precipitation shows that there are no toluene-insoluble materials in this particular resid because there is no material of sufficiently high polarity or molecular weight to be insoluble in toluene. If there were,... 

The liquid and solid contents were collected from the reactor and placed in an extraction thimble which was then placed in a soxhlet unit. The contents were then extracted with toluene until the extractant was clear after which the thimble was dried and weighed. The weight of the dried product is designated as toluene insolubles. 

In this work, the conversion refers to the amount of toluene solubles present at the end of the reaction. The conversion products thus include gases, oils and asphaltenes (GOA). Some of the conversion products are due to simple dissolution or to heating of the coal, and some are due to conversion of toluene insolubles to toluene solubles. Only the latter portion of the conversion products should be affected by the toluene density. The former are inherently toluene solubles, having nothing to do with the density or presence of supercritical toluene. These are only combined with the products obtained by reaction for experimental convenience. 

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