To lungs

Magnesium vanadates, as vanadium compounds in general, are known irritants of the respiratory tract and conjunctiva. The threshold limit value (TLV) for vanadium compounds in air recommended by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health is 0.05 mg/m based on a typical 8-h workday and 40-h workweek (7,147). Chronic inhalation can lead to lung diseases such as bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, and lobar pneumonia. These dust-related effects can be avoided by use of individual respirators in areas where exposure is likely. 

Impact damage Damage caused to lungs, surfaces of ductwork, or fans by particulate matter. 

The histamine content of isolated HHMC (=3 pg/cell) was comparable to lung parenchymal and skin mast cells. The mean tryptase content of HHMC (=24 pg/10 cells)... 

Hemoglobin also functions in CO2 and proton transport from tissues to lungs. Release of O2 from oxyHb at the tissues is accompanied by uptake of protons due to lowering of the of histidine residues. 

Other enzyme systems may also be directly or indirectly involved in the generation of ROS in the lung, including those of the eicosanoid pathway, the mitochondrial electron transport system, and aldehyde, glucose and xanthine oxidases (Parks and Granger, 1986). These systems may also be relevant to lung damage. For example, the oedematous pulmonary injury that results from cessation of blood flow for a period followed by reinstatement of... 

Breast cancer is the most common site of cancer and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer death in American women. It is estimated that 214,640 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed and that 41,430 women will die of breast cancer in 2006.1 Whites account for the largest portion of estimated cases (82%) and deaths (80%). In addition to invasive breast cancers, it is estimated that 61,980 cases of in situ cancer will be diagnosed among women in the United States in 2006. The median age for the diagnosis of breast cancer is between the ages of 60 and 65 years.2... 

The majority of people who smoke never develop lung cancer. Genetic risk factors may predispose certain smokers to lung cancer. After adjustments for age, smoke exposure, occupation, and gender, relatives of a lung cancer patient have approximately a twofold risk of developing lung cancer. The... 

Brain metastasis is the most common neurologic complication seen in patients with cancer. Approximately 170,000 patients develop brain metastases in the United States each year.20 Many malignancies are frequently associated with brain metastases (Table 96-7). While melanoma is the tumor type most likely to metastasize to the brain, brain metastases owing to lung and breast cancers are seen more often because they are among the most common cancers. In addition, brain metastasis may be diagnosed at the same time as the primary malignancy in around 20% of cases.22 Around 80% of brain metastases occur in the cerebral hemispheres, 15% in the cerebellum, and 5% in the brain stem. 

There have been attempts to conduct in vitro experiments in a manner that gives more meaningful data with regard to lung deposition. These methods, which are loosely based on inertial impaction, utilize inspiratory flow cycles rather than fixed flow... 

Modified cellulose 40-160 Nondegradable (model) parenteral TDS for delivery to lungs Methotrexate... 

Intravenous delivery to lungs of antiallergic compounds Sodium cromoglicate (Cromolyn sodium)... 

Intravenous delivery to lung renal artery delivery Doxorubicin... 

Harley, N.H., and P.S. Pasternack, Experimental Absorption Applied to Lung Dose from Radon Daughters, Health Phys.,23, 771-782, (1972). 

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