Tissue phantom

M.V Schuhnerich, S. Srinivasan, J. Kreider, J., et al., Raman tomography of tissue phantoms and bone tissue, Proc. SPIE-Int Soc. Opt Eng., 6853, 68530V-68530V-7 (2008). 

Fig. 6. Ultrasound imaging of a dilute microbubble dispersion in normal saline (right). Comparison with imaging of control normal saline (left). Imaging performed using a contrast pulse inversion scheme. Samples placed on top of an ultrasound tissue phantom (bottom)...

Microbubbles in a saline bag placed above a tissue phantom. 

Fig. 8. Concentration dependence of ultrasound backscatter signal by plates coated with a layer of targeted microbubbles. Surface concentrations of microbubbles (as observed by bright-field optical microscopy, bottom) increase from left to right. Imaging performed using a fundamental frequency scheme. Samples placed on top of an ultrasound tissue phantom. Reprinted from Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews v. 37, A.L. Klibanov, Targeted delivery of gas-filled microspheres, contrast agents for ultrasound imaging, p. 145. Copyright, 1999, with permission from Elsevier Science...

Hielscher, A. H., Mourant, J. R., and Bigio, I. J. (1997). Influence of particle size and concentration on the diffuse backscattering of polarized light from tissue phantoms and biological cell suspensions. Appl. Optics 36,125-135. 

Instrument performance must be sufficient to enable the collection of the selective glucose signature in a reliable manner relative to background noise. Ultimately, the SNR of the instrumentation defines the limit of detection for glucose and detailed experimental results are needed to establish the level of SNR that is necessary to measure glucose at clinically relevant concentrations. Tissue phantoms provide an excellent means to establish the relationship between the instrumental SNR and the limit of detection. Instrumentation must then be designed to provide this level of performance for spectral data collected noninvasively from living tissue. 

In numerical simulations and experiments with tissue phantoms, we found that with CR the RMSEP is lower than methods without prior information, such as PLS, and is less affected by analyte covariations. We further demonstrated that CR is more robust than HLA when there are inaccuracies in the applied constraint, as often occurs in complex or turbid samples such as biological tissue.27... 

Fig. 13. Recordings of photon migration through a 3 cm thick scattering tissue phantom. Left Temporal dispersion curves for two wavelengths. Right Ratio of two streak-camera images one recorded through a 5 mm diameter cavity filled with a dye solution and one 10 mm beside it (From Ref. [55]).

These are all fields of great medical interest. Data for transillumination of a 3 cm thick slab of a tissue phantom with a 5 mm diameter simulated tumour loaded with Rhodamine 700 (a dye with peak absorption at 640 nm) are shown in Fig. 13... 

O. Barajas, A.M. Ballangrud, G.G. Miller, R.B. Moore, J. Tulip (1997). Monte Carlo modelling of angular radiance in tissue phantoms and human prostate PDT light dosimetry. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 42, 1675-1687. 

R. Cubeddu, A. Pifferi, P. Taroni, A. Torricelli, G. Valentini, Time-resolved imaging on a realistic tissue phantom, gs- and ga images versus time-integrated images, Appl. Opt. 35 4533-4540 (1996)... 

Boron analysis via detection of the prompt y-ray from the °B (n, a) Li reaction was shown to be a reliable technique (Fairchild et al. 1986). This method makes it possible to measure the boron content in small amounts (mg samples) of antibodies or boron uptake in cells grown in tissue culture. In order to determine °B concentrations in a tumor in vivo without injuring tissues, phantom prompt... 

Gold nanorods exhibit intense two-photon luminescence. Two-photon imaging of tissue phantoms treated with 50 x 15 nm gold nanorods functionalized with EGFR antibodies increased intensity by three orders of magnitude compared with cellular autofluorescence with 760 nm excitation [48]. 

Kharine A, Manohar S, Seeton R, Kolkman RGM, Bolt RA, Steenbergen W, de Mul FFM (2003) Poly(vinyl alcohol) gels for use as tissue phantoms in photoacoustic mammography. Phys Med Biol 48 357... 

Bera T. K. and Nagaraju J., Studying the resistivity imaging of chicken tissue phantoms with different current patterns in electrical impedance tomography (EIT), Measurement, vol. 45, pp. 663-682, doi 10.1016/j.measurement.2012.01.002,2012. 

Keywords— Laser speckle, LSCI, blood perfusion, tissue phantom, burn vrounds. 

The schematic of the experimental setup used for the analysis is shown in Fig. 2. A laser source (633iun red laser) illuminates the bum tissue phantom and the resulting speckle pattern was imaged by a CCD camera. The speckle pattern is digitized by the frame grabber card and processed on the computer using the developed software. 

Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging for Perfusion Monitoring in Bum Tissue Phantoms... 

Experiments were conducted on two sets of bum tissue phantoms with PTFE sheets of thickness 0.16mm and 0.46mm. A sample speckle image of the capillary network phantom covered with 0.16mm PTFE sheet and the corresponding false color contrast map are shown in Fig. 3(a) and Fig. 3(b). The flow rate was maintained at 30ml/hr. 

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