Thymus citriodorus

Villanueva et studied the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) of thyme varieties (Thymus vulgaris. Thymus zygis and Thymus citriodorus) using ethanol, limonene, and ethyl lactate solvents, at different extraction temperatures (60, 130, and 200 C). Supercritical fluid extraction wifli pure CO2 (SFE-CO2) and with the three green solvents used as cosolvent were also tested. Additionally, the authors reported solubility data of thymol in limonene and ethanol at ambient pressure and temperatures in the range 30-43 C and the results were compared with efliyl lactate solubility data previously reported. In this respect, it was observed that thymol is very soluble in the three solvents, particularly in ethanol, followed by efliyl lactate, with concentrations around 90 wt% at the highest studied temperature. On the contrary, the solubility of thymol in limonene is somewhat lower ( 73 wt%). 

N.A. Thymus capitatus L. T. citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. T. praecox Opiz. T. pulegiodes L. T. serpyllum L. T. vulgaris L. Thymol, tannins, carvacrol, saponins, apigenin, lutolin.99 100 107 Antispasmodic, antitussive, relieve coughing. 

Carvacrol Angelica polymorpha, Thymus vulgaris, T. capitatus, T. citriodorus, T. praecox, T. pulegiodes, T. serpyllum... 

S. lateriflora, Solarium dulcamara, Solidago canadensis, S. virgaurea, Sorbus aucuparia, Spiraea ulmaria, Stachys officinalis, Syzygium aromaticum, Tagetes minuta, T. lucida, Taraxacum officinale, Terminalia chebula, Thuja occidentalis, Thymus vulgaris, T. capitatus, T. citriodorus, T praecox,... 

Thymus cajntatus also yields an oil of specific gravity about 900, and closely resembling the above-described oils. It contains pinene, cymene, dipentene, thymol, carvacrol, and bomyl acetate. Its phenol-content is about 6 per cent. A similar oil is obtained from Thymus camphoratus. A somewhat different oil is obtained from a variety of Thymus serpyllum oitratus or citriodorus). This oil has an odour recalling thyme, lemon, and geranium. Its spedfic gravity is 0 890 to 0 920 and its optical rotation - lO" to - 20. It contains only a very small amount of phenols, but cymene and a sesquiterpene have been isolated from it. 

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