Solidago canadensis

The chiral hydrocarbon germacrene D is a widely spread plant constituent and is considered to be an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of many sesquiterpenes. Schmidt et al. [19, 20] have shown that the plant Solidago canadensis generates both optical antipodes of this compound by enzymatic cyclisation of farnesyl diphosphate using two different enantiospecific synthases. As to be seen in Fig. 17.5, the enantiomeric ratio of germacrene D in Solidago canadensis can vary from individual to individual [21]. 

Fig. 17.5 Enantioselective analysis of germacrene D from the essential oil of different Solidago canadensis plants, using the enantio-MDGC-mass spectrometry (MS) technique [21]...

Schmidt CO, Bouwmeester HJ, Franke S, Konig WA (1999) Mechanisms of the biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene enantiomers (-t) and (-) germacrene D in Solidago canadensis. Chirality 11 353... 

Solidago canadensis L. N. Am. Yi Zhi Huang Hua (whole plant) Cadinene, quercitrin.57 Antibacterial, treat infection, stop bleeding, throat swelling. 

Alpinia officinarum, Menyanthes trifoliata, Piper cubeba, Podocarpus macrophyllus, Solidago canadensis, Valeriana altemifolia, V. amurensis, V. fauriei, V. subbipinnatifolia, Zanthoxylum bungeanum Ajuga bracteosa, Azolla imbricata, C. albescens, C. brevicaule, C. littorale, C. maakii, C. segetum,... 

Biota chinensis, B. orientalis, Dicranopteris linearis, Euphorbia hirta, Ginkgo biloba, Houttynia cordata, Hypericum attenuatum, H. ascyron, H. japonicum, H. perforatum, H. sumpsonii, Loropetalum chinense, Persicaria hydropiper, Saururus chinensis, Solidago canadensis Astragalus complanatus, A. henyri, A. hoantchy, A. membranaceus, A. melilotoides, A. mongholicus,... 

S. lateriflora, Solarium dulcamara, Solidago canadensis, S. virgaurea, Sorbus aucuparia, Spiraea ulmaria, Stachys officinalis, Syzygium aromaticum, Tagetes minuta, T. lucida, Taraxacum officinale, Terminalia chebula, Thuja occidentalis, Thymus vulgaris, T. capitatus, T. citriodorus, T praecox,... 

Solidago canadensis L. var. lepida (DC.) Cronquist SCN Canadian goldenrod Syn Solidago lepida DC. 

Canadian golden oil is obtained from Solidago canadensis. It is a yellow oil of aromatic odour, of specific gravity 0 859 and optical rotation - 11 10. It consists of about 85 per cent, of terpenes, of which pinene, phellandrene, dipentene, and probably limonene are the constituents. There are also present bomeol, bornyl acetate, and cadinene. 

Prosser, 1., Phillips, A.L., Gittings, S. et al (2002) (+)-(10R)-germacrene A synthase from golden-rod Solidago canadensis) cDNA isolation, bacterial expression and functional analysis. Phytochemistry, 60, 691-702. 

Anthonsen, T. A note on the constitution of the diterpene C20H28O3 from Solidago canadensis L. Acta Chem. Scand. 20, 904 (1966). 

Anthonsen, T., P.H. McCabe, R. McCrindle, and R.D.H. Murray Constituents of Solidago species I. The constitution and stereochemistry of diterpenoids from Solidago canadensis L. Tetrahedron 25, 2233 (1969). 

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