Thinking machines

B. Murray, P. Bash, and M. Katplus, Molecular Dynamics on the Connection Machine, Thinking Machines Cotp., Cambridge, Mass., 1989. 

What if This question epitomizes both serious scientific thinking and children s dreams. The three requirements are (a) unfettered fantasy, (b) mental discipline, and (c) a thinking machine. The trick to get around the apparent... 

When NSS s together with LKD s are adopted as working tools, both structures appear to trigger some sort of thinking machine, in such a way that once a given problem is solved, new study areas immediately appear to be a promising future application field in the focus of the imagination eye. 

Past work in computer-generated prose includes the book The Policeman s Beard Is Half Constructed—the. first book ever written entirely by a computer. The program that generated the book was called RACTER, written by William Chamberlain and Thomas Etter. Ray Kurzweil, in The Age of Thinking Machines, notes that RACTER s prose... 

Artificial neural networks are versatile tools for a number of applications, including bioinformatics. However, they are not thinking machines nor are they black boxes to blindly feed data into with expectations of miraculous results. Neural networks are typically computer software implementations of algorithms, which fortunately may be represented by highly visual, often simple diagrams. Neural networks represent a powerful set of mathematical tools, usually highly nonlinear in nature, that can be used to perform a number of traditional statistical chores such as classification, pattern recognition and feature extraction. 

The Thinking Machines Corporation (TMC) CM5 MPP system was announced in November 1991. This processor is a distributed-memory MIMD machine that supports both the SIMD and MIMD programming models. The hardware is composed of a fat tree of compute processors that are used and administered from control processors. The compute processing nodes consist... 

Alliant AT T Convex Cray Digital Evans Sutherland Fujitsu Hewlett-Packard Hitachi IBM Intel Kendall Square Kubota NEC Silicon Graphics Star Sun Thinking Machines, and others. 

This work was funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (GM 43340) and was done on the Thinking Machines CM-5 in the NTH Biotechnology Resource Center at Columbia University. SJS was supported by a National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship (DAAL 03-91-G-0277). 

Computations by Thanos Siapas on a Thinking Machines CM-5 parallel com-... 

Hardware. Computers built to work like neural nets are called "parallel processors". A parallel processor uses a large number of small, interconnected processing units rather than a single CPU. Prominent among these is Thinking Machines Corporation s "Connection Machine", which can realize a variety of neural net models. It is programmable in LISP, and is well-suited to database tasks. Hecht-Nielsen produces the ANZA board, a co-processor which allows the PC/AT to emulate a parallel processor. 

The SIMD category comprises both vector computers, such as the CRAY-1, and so-called processor arrays, such as the Thinking Machines Connection Machine and the classic ILLIAC-IV computer. - SIMD computers ate well suited for applications requiring identical operations on uniform data structures, but SIMD computers cannot necessarily be used efficiently for general-purpose calculations. Presently, MIMD is the most common parallel architecture, and the majority of parallel computers used for quantum chemistry applications are of the MIMD type. Examples of MIMD computers are the... 

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