Thin-layer chromatography application

Jager, J., Detection and Characterization of Nitro Derivatives of Some Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Fluorescence Quenching after Thin-Layer Chromatography Application to Air Pollution Analysis, J. Chromatogr., 152, 575-578 (1978). 

Shankaranarayana M.L., Abraham K.O., Raghavan B. and Natarajan C.P. (1975) Infrared identification of compounds separated by gas and thin layer chromatography Applications to flavour analysis. CRC Crit. Rev. Food Technol. 6, 271-314. 

Bosch-Reig, R, Marcote, M.J., Minana, M.D., and Cabello, M.L. 1992. Separation and identification of sugars and maltodextrines by thin layer chromatography Application to biological fluids and human milk, Talanta, 39 1493-1498. 

Wilson, I. D. (1991). Recent advances in thin-layer chromatography application to drug metabolism studies. J. Biopharm. Sci. 2 173-189. 

B. Eried andj. Sherma, Thin-Layer Chromatography, Techniques and Applications, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1986. 

As a result of these merits thin layer chromatography finds application all over the world. The frequency of its application is documented in Figure 3. This CA search only includes those publications where TLC/HPTLC are included as key words. The actual application of the method is very much more frequent. The method is employed as a matter of course in many areas of quality control and routine monitoring of product purity. This was also true in the 1970s when the rapid development of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLG) led to a... 

Getz, M. E., in J. C. Touehstone, D. Rogers Thin-Layer Chromatography Quantitative Environmental and Clinical Application. J. Wiley Sons, New York-Chiehester-Bris-bane-Toronto 1980. 

E. Stahl, Thin-layer chromatography II. Standardisation, detection, documentation and application , Chem. Ztg. 82 323 (1958). 

High performance thin-layer chromatography has found its greatest application in the areas of clinical (e.g. analysis of drugs in blood) and environmental analysis. 

J C Touchstone and J Sherma (Eds), Densitometry in Thin-Layer Chromatography — Practice and Applications, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1979... 

The currently most important fields of application of thin-layer chromatography be seen in Fig. 1. The proportion of publications in the fields of pharmacy and vironmental analysis has increased over that in previous years. There has also beer appreciable increase in the fields of clinical and forensic chemistry and in biochemis... 

Fig. 1 Fields of application of thin-layer chromatography (TLC/HPTLC) during the pei 1988-1991.

Amino Acids, Thin-layer chromatography has found wide application in the clinical chemistry laboratory. An application that is practicable in the Laboratory of Neonatology is the screening of serum and urine for the amino acidopathies. In order to do this we use a micro ultrafiltering apparatus which has been designed in our laboratory (37). This is seen in Figure 29. 

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been by far the most important method for separating chlorophylls. Open column chromatography and thin layer chromatography are still used for clean-up procedures to isolate and separate carotenoids and other lipids from chlorophylls and for preparative applications, but both are losing importance for analytical purposes due to their low resolution and have been replaced by more effective techniques like solid phase, supercritical fluid extraction and counter current chromatography. The whole analysis should be as brief as possible, since each additional step is a potential source of epimers and allomers. 

Not only in HPLC, but also in modem thin-layer chromatography, the application of reversed-phase stationary phases becomes increasingly important. The advantage of the hydrophobic layers in comparison with the polar, surface-active stationary phases is the additional selectivity and a reduced hkehhood of decomposition of sensitive substances. 

Touchstone, J.C. et al., in Thin Layer Chromatography Quantitative Environmental Clinical Applications, Touchstone, J.C. and Rogers, D., Eds., John Wiley Sons, New York, 1980, pp. 151-157. 

Quantitative Thin-Layer Chromatography and Its Industrial Applications, edited by Laszio R. Treiber... 

Fenn, R. J., Siggia, S., and Curran, D. J., Liquid chromatography detector based on single and twin electrode thin-layer electrochemistry application to the determination of catecholamines in blood plasma, Anal. Client., 50, 1067,1978. 

Although the interest in, and application of layer chromatography has historically resulted from the development of PC, it was soon replaced by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). In PC, only one stationary phase matrix is available (cellulose), at variance to TLC (silica, polyamide, ion-exchange resins, cellulose). Using a silica-gel plate, separation of a sample can be accomplished in approximately 1 h as compared with many hours on paper. The plate size is much smaller than the necessary paper size. Also, more samples can be spotted... 

The latest innovation is the introduction of ultra-thin silica layers. These layers are only 10 xm thick (compared to 200-250 pm in conventional plates) and are not based on granular adsorbents but consist of monolithic silica. Ultra-thin layer chromatography (UTLC) plates offer a unique combination of short migration distances, fast development times and extremely low solvent consumption. The absence of silica particles allows UTLC silica gel layers to be manufactured without any sort of binders, that are normally needed to stabilise silica particles at the glass support surface. UTLC plates will significantly reduce analysis time, solvent consumption and increase sensitivity in both qualitative and quantitative applications (Table 4.35). Miniaturised planar chromatography will rival other microanalytical techniques. 

H. Filthuth, in Clinical and Environmental Applications of Quantitative Thin Layer Chromatography (J. Touchstone, ed.), John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, NY (1980). 

Rowe, K., Bowlin, D., Zou, M., Davis, J.M. (1995). Application of 2-D statistical theory of overlap to three separation types 2-D thin-layer chromatography, 2-D gas chromatography, and liquid chromatography/capillary electrophoresis. Anal. Chem. 67, 2994. 

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