The Chemistry and Structure

The chemistry and structure-properties relationships of alkyd resins are well established and discussed in many textbooks.50... 

There is however another influence on the course of urethane RIM polymerization which is perhaps not so obvious. It results from the chemistry and structure of the reactants themselves. The structures of the reactants used in this work are... 

Introduces the chemistry and structure—property relationships of a variety of new materials and composites... 

The chemistry and structure of this organelle have been the subject of more than a century of research, but it is only during the last 20 years that some degree of finahty has been realized. 

In this section, the chemistry and structure of nucleic acids and oligonucleotides is discussed with a view to creating functional conjugates with detectable molecules. The corresponding strategies and protocols associated with DNA or RNA modification and conjugation can be found in Chapter 27. 

Hydrogen forms an extensive series of compounds with the metal carbonyls, and the nature of the H bonding within these complexes has been a point of debate for a considerable period. Both the chemistry and structure of metal carbonyl hydride compounds have been exten-... 

The chemistry and structure of the hydrogen form of zeolite Y have been thoroughly investigated 82) and are not considered further. The structure of the dehydroxylated zeolite proposed by Uytterhoeven, Christ-ner, and Hall 15) remains unchanged. Recently Ward, on the basis of infrared studies, suggested that this form may be amorphous 27). The extreme instability of dehydroxylated zeolite Y to moisture complicates detailed study 19). The elucidation of the detailed nature of this material lies in the future. At present, completely dehydroxylated Y is little understood and presents a challenging void in our knowledge of the nature of ammonium zeolite Y thermal decomposition products. 

VINYL ESTER RESINS. The vinyl ester resins are a relatively recent addition1 to thermosetting-polymer-chemistry. Superficially, they are similar to unsaturated polyester resins insofar as they contain ethylmic lmsaturation and are cured throngh a free-radical mechanism, usually in the presence of a vinyl monomer, such as styrene. However, close examination of the chemistry and structure of the vinyl ester resins demonstrates several basic differences which lead to their unique characteristics. 

Biochemical Basis of Observed Interaction Between Pectin and Lipoprotein. These studies await further research. A prerequisite to these studies is the establishment of the chemistry and structure of various polysaccharides found in citrus pectin. As described above, these studies are in progress and will eventually lead to the isolation of several pure citrus pectic polysaccharides of defined chemistry. 

Hetisine (125) was isolated as a minor alkaloid from the roots of A. heterophyllum Wall (80) in 1942 by Jacobs and Craig (118, 119). Later it was also isolated from D. cardinale Hook (120). Several papers were published (121, 122) regarding the chemistry and structure elucidation of hetisine, but the structure of hetisine (125) was eventually established by an X-ray diffraction study (123, 124). Earlier work on the chemistry of hetisine has been reviewed in Volume XII of this treatise (6). 

Only the chemistry and structures will be reported here, since applications are too heterogeneous and too great in number for a complete description in this review. 

An excellent comprehensive review of the chemistry and structures of metal-BH4 complexes has been published by Marks and Kolb85). The attachment of a BH4 ligand to a metal atom can assume either unidentate (III), bidentate (IV) or tri-dentate (V) forms, which are often distinguishable from each other on the basis of M—B distances86-89). 

Several other twelve-vertex metallocarborane carbonyl complexes have been prepared (51). In general, the chemistry and structures of these species, when investigated, have been found to parallel the analogous cyclopentadienyl metal carbonyls. 

Since the porosity of carbons is responsible for their adsorption properties, the analysis of the different types of pores (size and shape), as well as the PSD, is very important to foresee the behavior of these porous solids in final applications. We can state that the complete characterization of the porous carbons is complex and needs a combination of techniques, due to the heterogeneity in the chemistry and structure of these materials. There exist several techniques for the analysis of the porous texture, from which we can underline the physical adsorption of gases, mercury porosimetry, small angle scattering (SAS) (either neutrons—SANS or x-rays—SAXS), transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM), scanning tunnel microscopy, immersion calorimetry, etc. 

It is unfortunate that there is not more work appearing on the chemistry and structures of group 13 heterocarboranes. The results that are available raise intriguing questions and tend to pique one s curiosity. From the recent work of Hawthorne et al. on the aluminum sandwich complexes and of Sneddon et al. on the smaller cage systems, it is apparent that there is a wealth of fascinating chemistry yet to be explored in the group 13 carborane systems. 

The nitrides of iron have been fairly thoroughly studied. The papers of Lehrer (1), Brunauer, Jefferson, Emmett, and Hendricks (2), and Jack (3) describe the chemistry and structure of iron nitrides in detail. Low-temperature phases in the iron-nitrogen system are ... 

The knowledge of the chemistry and structure of nucleic acids as well as their metabolic and catabolic pathways has been extensively increased. However, there is very little evidence about the role of transition elements in the biochemistry of nucleic acids. Therefore, this review should emphasize the present status of the literature about studies of transition metal interactions with the monomer and polymer units of nucleic acids. Although this survey is far from being comprehensive it is hoped that the data collected here will be helpful for further investigations on the biochemical behavior of transition metals in nucleic acid metabolism. 

G. Rouschias, and B. L. Shaw, The Chemistry and Structure of Chugaev s Salt and Related Compounds containing a Cyclic Carbene Ligand, J. Chem. Soc. A 1971, 2097-2104. 

Currently, there is growing interest in polymers the frameworks of which are constructed from the Group 14 elements silicon, germanium and tin. Several reviews on polysilanes have appeared in the literature . In the first section of this article we focus on recent developments in the chemistry of polygermanes and polystannanes. The chemistry and structure-property relationship of oligostannanes and low molecular weight polystannanes was the subject of earlier reviews . ... 

Gueritte, F. General and recent aspects of the chemistry and structure-activity relationships of taxoids. Curr. Pharm. Design, 2001, 7 1229-1249. 

Davies T., Crenshaw A., and Healthfield M. (1972) The effect of temperature on the chemistry and structure of echinoid spine regeneration. J. Paleontol. 46, 833-874. 

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